壳寡糖控制果蔬采后病害及诱导抗病性研究进展  

Progress of Research on Control of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables and Induction of Disease Resistance with Oligochitosan

作　　者：闫佳琪 张忆楠[1] 赵玉梅[1] 曹建康[1] 姜微波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《食品科学》2015年第21期268-272,共5页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31371846;31071625);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA101606)

摘　　要：壳寡糖(oligochitosan,OCH)是一类由N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖或氨基葡萄糖通过β-1,4-糖苷键连接起来的低聚合度水溶性的氨基葡聚糖,在农业、食品、医药等领域具有广泛用途。本文综述了OCH对果蔬采后病原菌生长的抑制活性,以及OCH相对分子质量和使用浓度对其抑菌活性的影响。进一步综述了OCH对采后病害的控制作用,对果蔬诱导抗病性、活性氧代谢和抗病相关酶活性的影响。OCH是一种对环境友好的、生物源采后病害诱导剂。OCH及其复配处理在果蔬采后病害防治方面将具有重要应用前景。Oligochitosan（OCH） is a water-soluble low carbohydrate polymer consisting of β-1,4-linked 2-acetamido-Dglucose and β-1,4-linked 2-amino-D-glucose units. OCH has been universally used in the fields of agriculture, food and medicine. Antifungal activity of OCH on the growth of pathogens causing postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables, and how its application is affected by molecular weight and concentration are reviewed in this paper. Inhibitory effect of OCH on postharvest diseases, and the effect of OCH on the induced infection resistance, the metabolism of reactive oxygen species（ROS） and the activities of defense-related enzymes in fruits and vegetables are further discussed. Therefore, OCH is an environment-friendly biological inducer for the resistance to postharvest diseases. The application of OCH and its combinations with other materials will provide a promising method for the prevention of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables.

关 键 词：壳寡糖 果蔬 抑菌活性 采后病害 诱导抗病性 

分 类 号：TS255[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]