铁强化酱油对15至55岁女性人群贫血状况的干预研究  

EFFECT OF NaFeEDTA-FORTIFIED SOY SAUCE ON ANEMIA INTERVENTION IN FEMALES AGED 15 TO 55 YEARS

作　　者：赵栋[1] 周标[1] 方跃强[1] 黄李春[1] 朱逸博[1] 章荣华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,杭州310051

出　　处：《营养学报》2016年第1期11-14,共4页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：卫生行业科研专项项目(No.201202012)

摘　　要：目的探讨铁强化酱油对15至55岁女性人群贫血状况的改善情况,为使用铁强化酱油改善贫血现状提供科学依据。方法采用干预前后自身对照的研究方法,对满足条件的567例15至55岁女性进行宣教和铁强化酱油的干预研究,通过问卷与医学体检的方法从多角度分析贫血的影响因素及其干预效果。结果基线调查567例研究对象,其中有174例检测结果为贫血,贫血率为30.69%。贫血状况的自我认知和检测结果存在着差异（χ~2=15.42,P〈0.001）。通过多元线性回归分析,饮食模式对血红蛋白值有影响,富含铁的饮食模式对血红蛋白值有正相关（T=2.351,P〈0.05）。通过二元Logistic回归,确定是否贫血（χ~2=11.02,P〈0.005）和饮食模式（χ~2=5.81,P〈0.05）对贫血状况造成影响。基线调查人群酱油消费的中位数为34.00（20.00,48.00）元,干预前没有人食用铁强化酱油。通过一年的干预,有405人购买并食用铁强化酱油,占总数的75.28%,通过血红蛋白值检测显示有118人贫血,贫血率为22.56%,贫血状况得到了明显的改善（χ~2=9.16,P〈0.005）。干预期间,酱油消费的中位数为55.00（39.20,69.00）元,比干预前多消费19.00（2.00,41.50）元,但仅为食物支出的0.21%。结论铁强化酱油干预可以明显改善女性居民的贫血状况;鉴于当地居民的营养知识状况,应加大铁营养知识的推广和普及。Objective To test whether Na Fe EDTA-fortified soy sauce（Fe SS） can improve anemia status in 15 to 55 years old women. Methods Self controlled study design was used. A total of 567 subjects were investigated using a questionnaire. Results Baseline study involved 567 participants and showed the prevalence of anemia was 30.69%. There was significant difference between self-awareness and diagnosis regarding anemic condition（ χ~2=15.42,P0.001）. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that dietary patterns affected hemoglobin values, and correlated positively with iron-rich hemoglobin quality patterns（T=2.351,P0.05）. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that iron-rich hemoglobin quality patterns（ χ~2 =5.81,P0.05） and anemia condition（ χ~2=11.02,P0.005） affected anemia status. Baseline survey showed that subjects spent RMB 34.00（20.00, 48.00） on soy sauce, and no one had ever used Fe SS in their cooking. After one year＇s intervention, there were 405 people buying and using Fe SS in their cooking, which is 75.28% of the total participants. Including 118 cases of anemia,the prevalence of anemia was 22.56%. Anemia status was significantly improved compared with the baseline（ χ~2 =9.16,P0.005）. During the intervention, the cost of soy sauce was 55.00（39.20, 69.00） yuan, 19.00 yuan more than before the intervention（2.00, 41.50）, only 0.21% of the expenses on foods. Conclusion The Fe SS intervention can significantly improve the anemia status of the residents. Since the residents lack knowledge of iron deficiency, it is necessary and feasible to strengthen popularization of iron nutrition knowledge and application of Fe SS in anemia intervention.

关 键 词：贫血 妇女 铁强化酱油 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]