冬虫夏草深层发酵与功效成分分析  

Analysis of Key Active Compounds and Fermentation Technology of Ophiocordyceps sinensis Mycelium

作　　者：王晓玲[1,2] 朱朝阳[1,2] 刘高强[1,2] 周国英[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学林业生物技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2016年第1期91-98,共8页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部"新世纪优秀人才支持计划"基金项目(NCET-13-1046);国家"948"计划项目(2012-4-11);湖南省高校创新平台开放基金项目(10K081;12K069)

摘　　要：研究了重大害虫松毛虫作为冬虫夏草主要氮源基质的深层发酵技术,并对所得冬虫夏草菌体中的关键功效成分进行分析。结果表明,最适宜冬虫夏草菌体生长的松毛虫基质为松毛虫幼虫冻干粉,补充碳源为玉米粉,补充氮源为(NH_4)2SO_4,无机盐为KH_2PO_4。采用均匀设计优化了培养基组成,获得适宜该菌株液体发酵的最佳培养基为:松毛虫冻干粉13.0 g/L、玉米粉38.0 g/L、(NH_4)_2SO_43.0 g/L、葡萄糖3.0 g/L、KH_2PO_41.4 g/L、蛋白胨1.0 g/L、Mg SO_4·7H_2O 0.75 g/L。在此条件下,冬虫夏草菌体生物量可达8.68 g/L。功效成分分析表明,所得冬虫夏草菌体中多糖和腺苷的含量显著高于野生冬虫夏草中对应两成分的含量,而D-甘露醇的含量低于野生冬虫夏草中的含量。所得冬虫夏草菌体经小鼠急性毒性试验和家兔皮肤刺激试验法检测为实际无毒级别,为高价值冬虫夏草真菌的深层发酵培养提供了一种全新的虫类基质资源。Submerged fermentation of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using a culture medium with key insect pest, Dendrolimus punctantus as main nitrogen source, and analysis of key active compounds of the mycelia were investigated. The results shows that the freeze-dried powder of D. punctantus was suitable for cell growth of O. sinensis, and the supplementary carbon source, nitrogen source and mineral element were corn flour,（NH4）2SO4 and KH2PO4, respectively. The fermentation medium was further optimized by Uniform Design experiment, and a optimal fermentation medium constituents was obtained as follows： freeze-dried powder of D. punctantus 13.0 g/L, corn flour 38.0 g/L,（NH4）2SO4 3.0 g/L,glucose 3.0 g/L, KH2PO4 1.4 g/L, peptone 1.0 g/L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.75 g/L. Under the optimized medium, a 8.68 g/L of mycelial biomass was achieved. Analysis of key active compounds of the O. sinensis mycelia fermented with insect D.punctantus and wild O. sinensis fruiting body reveals that the contents of polysaccharide and adenosine of the O. sinensis mycelia were significantly higher than those of wild O. sinensis fruiting body, while D-mannitol content was markedly lower than that of wild O. sinensis fruiting body. Acute toxicity test and rabbit skin excite test show that the O. sinensi mycelia obtained in this study was actual non-toxic. This work put forward a new insect-based substrate for submerged culture of O. sinensis.

关 键 词：冬虫夏草 马尾松毛虫 均匀设计 菌丝体 深层发酵 生物活性物质 

分 类 号：TQ920.6[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]