弱势群体教育考试公平:问题、成因及对策  

Education Testing Fairness of the Disadvantaged Groups:Problems, Causes and Countermeasures

作　　者：余澄[1] 王后雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学 [2]华中师范大学考试研究院

出　　处：《中国考试》2016年第5期36-47,共12页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金"国家教育考试公平监测指标体系及保障机制研究"(项目批准号:14YJA880066)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：弱势群体教育考试公平是教育公平的重要组成部分,教育考试公平权是弱势群体应该拥有的重要权利之一。目前弱势群体高等教育入学机会存在较大差距,经济落后与贫困环境是决定性原因,区域教育资源配置失衡是基础性原因,弱势群体救助政策失真是根本性原因,家庭出身和生理因素制约是内生性原因。从根本上遏制转轨中弱势群体教育考试公平差距,政府应承担起对弱势群体教育支持的主要责任,建立弱势群体教育救助制度和救助管理体系,从"弱势补偿"战略高度完善和调整考试招生政策,构建弱势群体教育支持和考试公平保障机制。Educational testing fairness of the disadvantaged groups is an important part of education fairness, and the right of receiving fair education is also significant to the disadvantaged groups. Nowadays there is a huge disparity for the disadvantaged groups to receive higher education, the crucial reasons are undeveloped economy and environment; the fundamental reasons are the unbalanced education resources in different regions; the radical reason is that the disadvantaged salvation policies have not been well carried out and the endogenous reason is the restriction brought by their family background and physiological defect. To solve this problem, the government should be made to support the education to the disadvantaged groups, and relevant salvation systems should be set up. Moreover, the enrollment policies should be modified based on the point of compensating the disadvantaged to establish a system which supports the disadvantaged education and guarantee the testing fairness.

关 键 词：弱势群体 教育考试公平 弱势补偿 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]