一种基于最小二乘拟合的数据关联算法  

Data association algorithm based on least square fitting

作　　者：王聪[1,2] 王海鹏[2] 熊伟[2] 何友[2] 

机构地区：[1]飞行器测控与通信教育部重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]海军航空工程学院信息融合技术研究所,烟台264001

出　　处：《航空学报》2016年第5期1603-1613,共11页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：飞行器测控与通信教育部重点实验室开放基金(CTTC-FX201302)~~

摘　　要：针对点航关联在多目标跟踪中精度与实时性难兼顾的问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘拟合的点航关联算法。首先采用滑窗将历史航迹截断,采用最小二乘法在不同维度分别拟合、外推融合航迹历史信息条件下的航迹点,增加外推点的多样性及信息量。同时定义了5种全概率关联事件,提取传统滤波方法的预测点,将拟合外推点与滤波预测点融合,使归属判决更加准确。最后分别推导了不同事件发生时的状态更新方程与误差协方差更新方程,给出了其中参数的确定方法。经仿真数据验证,与经典的最近邻域法和联合概率数据互联算法相比,所提算法能够更好地兼顾精度与实时性,且计算复杂度较低,易于工程实现。Focusing on the hard problem of the balance between accuracy and real-time performance in multiple target tracking,a data association algorithm based on least square fitting method is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the tracking in sliding window is used to predict the next state by least square fitting respectively in different dimensions,which brings more history information to the attribution judgment.Then,cooperating with the prediction point of filter update,the next real position is judged by five defined probability events,which make the judgment of association more accurate.Finally,the state update equations and covariance are deduced in different events and the method to determine the parameters is given.The simulation results show that compared with the nearest neighbor algorithm and joint probabilistic data association algorithm,the proposed algorithm can be better in the balance of real-time and accuracy with low computational complexity,which is easy to implement in engineering practice.

关 键 词：最小二乘 数据关联 目标跟踪 曲线拟合 信息融合 

分 类 号：V243.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TP953[自动化与计算机技术]