中美人体尺寸差异及对车辆正碰中驾驶员损伤风险的影响(英文)  

Differences of Anthropometric Dimensions between Chinese and American and the Effects on Drivers' Injury Risks in Vehicle Frontal Crash

作　　者：张金换[1] 杨洁[1] 金鑫[2] 沈明[2] 罗逍[1] 马春生[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室 [2]韦恩州立大学生物工程学中心,美国底特律48202

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2016年第2期175-181,共7页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：清华大学汽车安全与节能重点实验室开放基金(KF14042)

摘　　要：将中美不同百分位的人体尺寸进行了比较,并根据中国和美国人体尺寸,利用MADYMO软件建立了分别代表中美5百分位女性,50和95百分位男性的多刚体假人模型,进行了台车正面碰撞仿真计算。结果显示：当正面碰撞在30-50 km/h下,中国5百分位女性和50百分位男性驾驶员比相应的美国驾驶员承受更高的损伤风险,然而,当正面碰撞在30-60 km/h下,中国95百分位男性驾驶员比相应的美国驾驶员承受更低的损伤风险。因此,中国政府在制定汽车安全法规或进行车型开发的时候,需要将人体尺寸的差异考虑在内,从而使中国市场上的车型能够更有效地保护中国驾驶员。The anthropometric dimensions of different percentiles Chinese and American are compared. MADYMO multi-body dummy models, representing 5th percentile female, 50 th and 95 th percentile male of Chinese and American drivers, were created based on the anthropometric dimensions, and frontal crash simulations were conducted. The results showed that for a specific vehicle model, Chinese 5th percentile female and 50 th percentile male drivers have higher injury risks compared to the corresponding percentile American drivers at 30-50 km/h. However, Chinese 95 th percentile male drivers suffer lower injury risk relative to American 95 th percentile male drivers at 30-60 km/h. It is advisable to take the differences of anthropometric dimensions between Chinese and American into consideration in enacting the vehicle safety regulations and developing new vehicle models in China, so that the vehicles in China can more effectively protect the Chinese drivers.

关 键 词：汽车被动安全 车辆正面碰撞 损伤风险 人体测量学尺寸 MADYMO软件 多刚体假人 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]