福建红曲中高产色素红曲菌的筛选及其诱变育种研究  

Screening and Mutation Breeding of Monascus sp.Strain with High Monascus Pigment Productivity from Hongqu in Fujian Province

作　　者：吕旭聪[1,2] 童爱均 钟春梅[2] 李燕[1,2] 黄梓芮[2] 刘斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家菌草工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学食品科学学院,福州350002

出　　处：《中国调味品》2016年第7期61-68,共8页China Condiment

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第9批特等资助项目(2016T90591);中国博士后科学基金第57批面上一等资助项目(2015M570549);福建省自然科学基金计划面上项目(2016J01095)

摘　　要：福建省是中国盛产红曲的省份之一，其红曲品种多样。采用选择性培养基分离纯化福建各地区红曲米中的红曲菌，得到13株红曲菌纯菌株，分别命名M-1～M13。通过液态发酵和固态发酵相结合筛选得到1株高产色素的红曲菌M-3。经菌落形态特征观察、生理生化试验以及分子生物学鉴定手段，鉴定红曲菌M-3为高梁红曲菌（M．kaoliang）。通过工厂化固态发酵试验该菌株的色素产量高达5523U／g，出曲率为44％。采用物理化学复合诱变（紫外诱变和氯化锂诱变）的方法对出发菌株M-3进行了诱变选育，筛选得到1株色素高产突变菌M-3—7，且连续传接6代色素产量稳定，三角瓶固态发酵色价保持在9500U／g左右。将其应用于工厂化固态发酵，结果表明色素高产突变菌M-3—7的色素产量高达6400U／g，比原菌高出15．9％，高于国内外报道的其他色素高产菌株的固态发酵生产水平。研究结果为我国红曲菌资源的整合以及红曲色素的工厂化大规模发酵生产奠定了前期基础。Fujian Province is one of the famous provinces rich in Hongqu. In this study, 13 Monascus sp. strains are isolated from 13 Hongqu samples collected from different areas of Fujian Province by selective culture medium, named M-1~M-13 respectively. One Monascus sp. strain（M-3） with high Monascus pigment productivity is selected through a combination of liquid-state fermentation and solid-state fermentation, which is identified as M. kaoliang through observing colony characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests, and molecular biological methods. The pigment production of strain M-3 is as high as 5523 U/g through solid-state fermentation in the plant experiment, and the obtained red rice rate is 44M. Strain M-3 is induced mutation by physical and chemical compound mutagenesis （ultraviolet mutation and lithium chloride mutation）. And then a high-yield pigment mutant strain M-3-7 is screened, whose pigment production is stable after a continuous 6 generations. The color value of mutant strain M-3-7 reaches 6400 U/g, which is 15. 9M higher than the original strain M-3 through solid-state fermentation in the plant experiment. The pigment production level of mutant strain M-3-7 is higher than that of other pigment high-yield strains reported at home and abroad. The study would lay a solid foundation for resources integration of Monascus sp. strain in our country, and also be useful for the large-scale and industrialized solid-state fermentation of Monascus pigment.

关 键 词：福建红曲 红曲菌 复合诱变 红曲色素 工厂化固态发酵 

分 类 号：TS264.4[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]