虚拟现实技术教育应用的潜力、进展与挑战  

The Application of Virtual Reality Technology in Education:Potential,Current Situation and Challenges

作　　者：刘德建[1] 刘晓琳[1,2] 张琰[1,2] 陆奥帆 黄荣怀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学智慧学习研究院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学教育技术学院/知识工程中心,北京100875

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2016年第4期25-31,共7页Open Education Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金管理学部重点项目"基础教育公平实现机制与服务均等化研究"(71433004)的子项目"基础教育服务均等化目标及评价标准研究"

摘　　要：2016年被称为"虚拟现实元年"产业领域中投身虚拟现实的创业团队呈爆发式增长。教育尤其是基础教育领域,虚拟现实技术的应用还远远滞后于产业技术的发展。实际上,虚拟现实技术的教育应用意味着一系列优化传统教学观念和教学法的行动课题。教育技术的研究者需要理性认识虚拟现实教育应用的潜力,深入分析虚拟现实技术教育应用的现状,着重从教育视角反思存在的挑战。本研究在分析虚拟现实情境认知模型(VRSC Model)基础上认为,虚拟现实技术教育应用的潜力源于其在激发学习动机、增强学习体验、创设心理沉浸感、实现情境学习和知识迁移等方面的优势;虚拟现实技术教育应用目前主要集中在虚拟现实支持学习环境创设、支持技能实训、支持语言学习、支持特殊儿童教育等四大方面;文章最后从技术和教学法两方面分析了虚拟现实技术教育应用面临的挑战。The year 2016 is dubbed as ＂The Prelude of the Virtual Reality Era＂ with the number of entrepreneur teams engaging in the field of virtual reality registering an explosive growth. However,VR application in education,especially in K-12 education,lags far more behind the development of industrial technology. In practice,VR application in education means an array of practical tasks overturning traditional teaching concepts and pedagogics. For education technology researchers,they should first recognize the potential of the application of VR and visualization technology in education in a rational way,and conduct in-depth analysis on the status quo of the application of VR and visualization technology in education,with which they can reflect upon the challenges from the perspective of education. By analyzing the VRSC Model,this research assumes that the potential of VR technology application in education roots in its advantages in triggering learning motive,enhancing learning experience,building the sense of mental immersion and realizing situated learning and knowledge transfer; currently VR technology application in education is largely concentrated in four facets including the support of learning environment creation,professional skills training,language learning and exceptional child education; finally,it stipulates the challenges facing VR application in education from the aspects of technology and pedagogics.

关 键 词：虚拟现实 VRSC MODEL 教育应用 教学法 

分 类 号：G720[文化科学—成人教育学]