2004—2013年全国植物性食物中毒事件流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis for vegetal food poisoning in China,2004-2013

作　　者：王锐[1] 丁凡[1] 高永军[1] 王霄晔 李群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心卫生应急中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2016年第5期580-584,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解我国植物性食物中毒事件的发生规律及流行病学特征,为植物性食物中毒的预警及预防控制提供科学依据。方法对2004—2013年突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统中报告的全国植物性食物中毒事件的流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果 2004—2013年全国共报告植物性食物中毒事件660起,累计报告中毒17 955人,死亡196人。第四季度是植物性食物中毒事件的高发季节。云南、广西、四川、广东、贵州是植物性食物中毒的高发省(自治区);菜豆中毒事件占事件总数的53.3%(352/660),乌头、油桐、蓖麻子、发芽马铃薯和钩吻引起的中毒事件占事件总起数的24.5%(162/660)。集体食堂是植物性食物中毒事件的主要发生场所,加工处理方式不当和误认误食是引发中毒的主要原因。结论做好集体食堂加工、储存、销售等环节的管理和监督工作,严格规范食品标签和食品宣传,及时预警、监测、报告和处置食物中毒事件,开展公众的健康教育工作,是预防控制植物性食物中毒事件的主要措施。Objective Study the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of the vegetal food poisoning in China,so as to provide scientific basis for early warning,prevention and control. Methods Descriptive study on the vegetal food poisoning data during 2004 to 2013 was collected from National Management Information System of Public Health Emergencies. Results 660 outbreaks of vegetal food poisoning were reported from 2004 to 2013,which cause 17 955 cases and 196 deaths. The fourth quarter of each year is the high prevalent season of the vegetal food poisoning. Yunnan,Guangxi,Sichuan,Guangdong and Guizhou Provinces had high incidence of vegetal food poisoning. Haricot bean poisoning accounted for 53. 3% of the total number of events. Monkshood,tung,castor seed,germination of potato and gelseminecaused poisoning accounted for 24. 5% of the total number of events. The main location that the vegetal food poisoning occurred was canteens. Improper food processing and mistaking were the main cause. Conclusion It＇s important to enhance supervision and management from farm to table,and standardize food labeling and food promotion. Appropriate countermeasures such as timely warning,surveillance,and health education should be taken.

关 键 词：植物性食物中毒 食物中毒 中毒食品 食用植物 流行病学 预防 控制 中国 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]