江门市区2014—2015年学校、家庭、酒店冰箱内表面微生物污染状况调查  

A investigation on the status of microbiol contamination on the inner surface of refrigerator of the school,family and hotel in Jiangmen from 2014 to 2015

作　　者：钟瑞美 尹本康 梁柏年[1] 刘鹰航 郑南才[1] 李艳清[1] 许洁婷[1] 李福裕[1] 吴尔明 黄焕莺 

机构地区：[1]江门市疾病预防控制中心热带病预防控制科,广东529030

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2016年第19期13-16,共4页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：江门市科技计划项目(2012002)

摘　　要：目的了解江门市区学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染状况,为制定食源性疾病的预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法 2014年1月—2015年12月随机采集江门市区学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面标本,参考国家标准化方法对上述标本进行细菌总数、大肠菌群、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌的检验。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2年共检测标本288份,总合格率为14.59%,冷藏室和冷冻室标本合格率依次为7.32%、24.20%。学校、家庭、酒店标本合格率依次为3.34%、47.50%、0。细菌总数的超标率为76.39%,大肠菌群的检出率为57.63%。共检出致病菌11株,10株为金黄色葡萄球菌,1株为单核细胞增生李斯特菌。结论江门市学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染严重,主要为细菌总数超标和检出大肠菌群,存在金黄色葡萄球菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的污染,是引发食源性疾病的危险因素,因此,有必要制定学校、酒店、家庭冰箱内表面微生物污染监测﹑控制和评价策略,确保食品安全。Objective To understand the status of microbial contaminatin on the inner surface of refrigerator of the school,family and hotel,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of food borne disease.Methods The specimens of the inner surface of refrigerator of the school,family and hotel were randomly collected from January 2014 to December 2015,the specimens were detected for the total number of bacteria,coliforms,Salmonella,Shigella,Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes,vibrio parahaemolyticus according to national standard method.The χ2 test was adopted on comparision among rates,P〈0.05 was statistically significant.Results 288 specimens were detected for 2 years,the total qualified rate was 14.59%,the qualified rate of the specimens of the refrigerating chamber and the freezer were 7.32% and 24.20%.The qualified rate of the specimens of the school,family and hotel were 3.34%,47.50%,0.The exceeding standard rate of the total number of bacteria was 76.39%,the detection rate of coliforms was 57.63%.11 strains of pathogenic bacteria were seperated from 288 specimens totally,among which were 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus,1 strains of Listeria monocytogenes.Conclusion The status of microbial contaminatin on the inner surface of refrigerator of the school,family and hotel in Jiangmen was serious,the bacteria sum overproof and the coliform bacteria detection were mainly,the contaminatin of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes existed,and these were the risk factors that caused foodborne disease.It is necessary to develop the monitoring,control and evaluation methods of the microbial contaminatin on the inner surface of refrigerator of the school,family and hotel,to ensure the safety of the food.

关 键 词：冰箱内表面 微生物污染 食源性致病菌 食品安全 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]