俯控式单滑块变质心飞行器控制问题  

Attitude control of reentry vehicle with a pitch-control single moving mass

作　　者：李涧青 高长生[1] 荆武兴[1] 杜华军[2] LI JianQing GAO ChangSheng JING WuXing DU HuaJun(School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute, Beijing 100854, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]北京航天自动控制研究所,北京100854

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2016年第10期1048-1056,共9页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11572097);哈尔滨工业大学-航天科技集团联合创新基金(编号:CASC-HIT13-1C03)资助项目

摘　　要：针对以质点方式的滑块布局无法在实际工程中实现的问题,提出了一种大质量比的单滑块布局模式,并与喷气推力组合实现了飞行器的倾斜转弯.采用大质量比滑块的布局方式不仅易于工程实现而且可以提高飞行器的机动能力.通过动力学分析,结果表明大质量比的滑块在运动过程中会导致飞行器姿态与滑块转角之间的运动耦合,而且在动量交换过程所产生的惯性力矩也会影响飞行器的动态特性,因此滑块不能再作为质点来处理.针对这种强耦合非线性动力学系统,将非线性耦合项和未建模扰动视为总扰动,设计了一种线性扰动观测器对其进行估计,然后利用反馈线性化控制进行补偿.仿真结果验证了这种大质量比滑块布局模式的可行性,所设计的控制器可以实现对姿态指令的跟踪.Since the point moving mass configuration cannot be implemented in engineering applications, a novel configuration of moving mass with large mass ratio and reaction jet is proposed. This configuration has a great advantage in engineering application as well as improving the vehicle＇s maneuverability. According to the dynamic analysis, the moving mass with large mass ratio leads to the coupling between the attitude and the deflection angle of moving mass and the dynamic behavior of flight vehicle can be affected by the momentum exchange. Therefore, the moving mass cannot be regarded as a point mass. A disturbance observer is investigated for this strong coupling nonlinear system, which estimates the total disturbance which contains the nonlinear couples and un-modeled disturbances. Then, a control law based on feedback linearization is used for compensation. The simulation results show that the proposed configuration is feasible and validate the quality of the adaptive controller which ensures a good performance.

关 键 词：变质心控制 再入飞行器 控制器设计 扰动观测器 

分 类 号：V249.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]