自由·幸福·教育:密尔功利主义思想的三要素  

Liberty,Happiness and Education:Three Elements of Mill's Utilitarianism Thought

作　　者：易红郡[1] 张潇[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2016年第5期18-23,共6页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：全国教育科学"十二五"规划教育部重点课题"英国教育思想的演进(文艺复兴至20世纪)(DOA140203)

摘　　要：约翰·密尔是19世纪英国自由主义和功利主义的代表人物,自由和功利是他思考各种社会问题的核心标准。密尔在自由主义基础上论证了功利主义的基本原则,提出个人利益与社会利益、个人幸福与全体幸福的有机结合;同时,他强调教育是谋求"最大多数人的最大幸福"的主要途径,要求政府承担国民教育的职责,但他不主张政府过多干预教育。从总体上看,密尔功利主义是边沁功利主义的延续和修正,但其思想带有明显的折中主义特征。John Mill was the representative of liberalism and utilitarianism in the 19 th century in Britain,and liberty and utility were the core standards for him to approach all kinds of social problems. Mill proofed the basic principle of the utilitarianism based on the liberalism,and he put forward that personal interests and social interests,personal happiness and all the happiness should be combined organically. Meanwhile,he stressed that education was the main way to strive for ‘the greatest happiness of most people＇,and required the government to undertake the responsibility of national education. However,he opposed the government to intervene in education too much. As a whole,Mill＇s utilitarianism was a development and a correction of Bentham＇s utilitarianism,but his ideas were of compromise.

关 键 词：约翰·密尔 功利主义 公民自由 最大幸福 国民教育 

分 类 号：B561.49[哲学宗教—外国哲学] G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]