课程改革与农村学生的学业成功机会——基于A市八年中考数据的分析  

Curriculum Reform and the Opportunity of Academic Success of Rural Students——Based on Eight-year Data of Senior High School Entrance Examination from City A

作　　者：柯政[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部课程与教学研究所

出　　处：《教育研究》2016年第10期95-105,共11页Educational Research

基　　金："华东师范大学教育学高峰学科建设项目资助"成果

摘　　要：农村学生学业成功机会不断下降,引起了社会各界的广泛关注,但已有讨论很少从学校教育的内部机制来分析城乡学生教育机会不均等的原因,忽略了学校课程是城乡不均等"再生产"的一个重要途径。通过A市连续八年的学生中考成绩数据发现,课程改革会对城乡学生的学业成功机会的影响比较复杂。从总体平均值来看,"新课程"后,城乡学生的差异没有扩大,甚至有些许的缩小。但在"新课程"改革后农村学生获得高分的机会却明显下降,城乡学生的学业成功机会在不同课程上具有明显的差异。基于不同课程对城乡差异的敏感性,进行政策模拟干预的检验,通过调整不同课程在统一考试中的权重,可以明显地改善城乡学生的教育机会均衡度。The gradual decrease of rural students＂ opportunity of academic success has widely caused social concerns. However, the previous studies have seldom discovered the causes of unequal educational opportunity from the inside mechanism of education, and the reproduction of the urban-rural division through school curriculum has long been neglected. Based on the study of the public examination results of eight years of senior high school entrance examination from City A, it is found that the impacts of curriculum reform on urban and rural students＂ opportunity of academic success are comparatively complex. From the view of general average, the division of urban and rural students has not been enlarged , even narrowed to some extent with the implementation of new curriculum. However, the opportunity for the students to achieve high scores has been decreased obliviously since the reform of gap between the urban and rural students to access to academic success in different new curriculum, and there is distinct subjects. Given the different degree of subject responsiveness to the urban-rural gap in the examination results, it is suggested that we should conduct the test of policy intervention simulation by adjusting the weighting of subjects in the total score, so as to significantly narrow the urban-rural gap in educational opportunities.

关 键 词：教育机会不均等 学业成功机会 课程社会学 政策工具 模拟政策干预 

分 类 号：G632.3[文化科学—教育学]