低温连续相变萃取蓝圆鲹鱼油及其脂肪酸组成分析  

Study on the extract of fish oil from Decapterus Maruadsi by low-temperature continuous phase transition and analysis on fatty acid composition

作　　者：杨小斌[1] 周爱梅[1] 王爽[1] 刘春花[1] 曹庸[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2016年第23期291-297,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2015A020209099)

摘　　要：采用新型萃取技术——低温连续相变萃取技术提取蓝圆鲹鱼油,考察物料水分含量、萃取温度、压力、时间、解析温度等因素对蓝圆鲹鱼油得率的影响,通过响应面设计确定最佳提取工艺条件,并对蓝圆鲹鱼油的理化性质和脂肪酸组成进行了分析。研究结果表明,低温连续相变萃取蓝圆鲹鱼油的最佳工艺为:物料水分含量11%,萃取温度52℃,萃取时间62 min,萃取压力0.6 MPa,解析温度为65℃,此工艺条件下鱼油得率为21.56%。鱼油外观为黄色至红棕色,有较淡的鱼腥味,其理化指标达到了粗鱼油标准SC/T3502-2000的一级要求。气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析鉴定出20种脂肪酸,多不饱和脂肪酸为59.57%,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)占总脂肪酸含量的24.62%。低温连续相变萃取技术应用于鱼油生产,具有萃取效率高、萃取温度低、对鱼油成分无破坏等特点,显示出良好的经济效益及应用前景。Low-temperature continuous phase transition was applied to extract fish oil from Decapterus Maruadsi, The effects of moisture content, extraction temperature, pressure, extraction time, separation temperature on the yield of fish oil were investigated, the optimum extraction conditions were determined by response surface experiment,and the physicochemical properties and fatty acid compositions of fish oil were also analyzed.The results showed that the optimum extraction process of fish oil extracted by low-temperature continuous phase transition was obtained as follows.the moisture content of 11%, extraction temperature of 52℃, extraction time of 62 min,extraction pressure of 0.6 MPa and separation temperature of 65℃,and the optimum conditions of fish oil yield was 21.56%.The fish oil was yellow to brown and lighter fish smell, physicochemical indicators had reached the first standard of SC/T3502-2000 for crude fish oil. Eighteen kinds of fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）, and the total yield of unsaturated fatty acids was as high as 59.57% ,the total yield of EPA and DHA was 24.62%. Low-temperature continuous phase transition technology applied in oil production, had the characteristics of high efficiency, low extraction temperature, less damage to the components of the oil and so on,and showed good economic benefit and application prospect.

关 键 词：蓝圆鲹 低温连续相变 理化性质 脂肪酸 气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS) 

分 类 号：TS244.4[轻工技术与工程—制糖工程]