南京市4所医院护士离职意愿及其影响因素研究  

Investigation on turnover intention and its influencing factors in nurses of 4 hospitals in Nanjing City

作　　者：段安琪[1] 唐文[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第二附属医院,江苏南京210011 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第22期3088-3091,3095,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过调查了解南京市医院护士的离职意愿状况,探讨护士离职意愿的影响因素,向有关卫生行政部门提供决策依据,促进护理事业的可持续发展。方法对南京市4家医院的在职护士进行调查。问卷的结果使用Epi Data 3.1软件创建数据库,SPSS 22.0统计软件进行描述性统计,作信度、效度分析及Pearson相关分析。结果工作满意度中家庭与工作的平衡、个人发展与晋升、工资与福利的均值分别为3.265 1、3.180 7、2.657 2,都低于整体的工作满意度总分均值3.303 7,其中工资与福利最低。而工作压力与离职倾向呈显著的正相关,其他4个维度(人际关系、工资与福利、个人发展与晋升及医院管理)与离职倾向均呈显著的负相关。聘用合同制、职称护士、月总收入>5 000元、未婚对离职倾向有正向预测作用;常值夜班、不常加班、内科岗位、人际关系满意度对离职倾向有负向预测作用;硕士及以上学历对离职倾向有负向预测作用。结论所调查的护士工作满意度较低,并有较高的离职倾向,社会对护士的工作需求较高。护理管理者可通过采取人性化管理策略提升护士工作满意度,减少护士离职意愿,稳定我国护理人员队伍,保证临床护理质量。[Objective]To learn the status quo of the turnover intention of clinical nurses in hospitals of Nanjing City,explore the influencing factors of the turnover intention,offer the decision basis to the administrative department of health,and promote the sustainable development of nursing career.[Methods]The nurses of four hospitals in Nanjing City were investigated.EPIDATA 3.1software was used to create the database for the results of the questionnaire,and SPSS 22.0 statistics software was applied in descriptive statistics analysis,reliability analysis,validity analysis,and Pearson correlation analysis.[Results]In the job satisfaction,the score of the balance of family and job,personal development and promotion,and wages and welfare was respectively 3.265 1,3.180 7 and 2.657 2,which were lower than the total score of the job satisfaction（3.303 7）,and the score of wages and welfare was the lowest.There was a significant positive correlation between work stress and turnover intention,while other four dimensions,including interpersonal relationships,wages and welfare,personal development and promotion,and hospital management,were significantly negatively correlated with turnover intention.The employment contract system,professional title nurse,monthly income over 5 000 yuan,and unmarried status had a positive predictive effect on turnover intention.Regular night shift,less work overtime,post in internal medicine department and interpersonal satisfaction had negative prediction function on turnover intention.Master degree or above had a negative predictive effect on turnover intention.[Conclusion]The investigated nurses show lower job satisfaction and higher turnover intention,while there is higher social demand for nurses.Nursing managers can improve nurses＇ job satisfaction through human-oriented management strategy,to reduce the turnover intention and ensure the quality of clinical care.

关 键 词：护士 工作满意度 离职意愿 影响因素 对策 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]