食用菌对黄曲霉毒素B_1的脱毒作用研究  

Detoxification of aflatoxin B_1 by edible fungi

作　　者：雷娇[1] 肖瑜 徐丹[1] 薛海燕[1] 宋宏新[1] 李鹏娟[1] LEI Jiao XIAO Yu XU Dan XUE Haiyan SONG Hongxin LI Pengjuan(School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi＇an, Shanxi 710021, China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学食品与生物工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]宝鸡市食品药品检验检测中心,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2017年第1期37-41,共5页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅自然基金(2013JQ3019);陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目(2015YN002)

摘　　要：目的研究平菇、金针菇、黑木耳等七种食用菌对黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)的脱毒效果。方法首先通过降解圈直径与菌落直径之比(Da/Dm)筛选出具有脱毒作用的株菌;然后通过AFB_1残留量筛选出脱毒能力最强的菌株;最后将该菌株接种于含AFB_1的玉米粉和大米中,考查其对粮食中AFB_1的脱毒效果。结果初筛发现平菇、黑木耳、金针菇对AFB_1有较强脱毒作用,其Da/Dm分别为1.6±0.02、1.5±0.01、1.4±0.02;复筛发现黑木耳的脱毒能力最强,与AFB_1共培养10 d后能清除88.16%的AFB_1;进一步发现黑木耳对玉米粉和大米中AFB_1有一定去除作用,清除率分别为62.40%和15.73%。结论黑木耳对受AFB_1污染的粮食作物有较好的脱毒作用,可用其控制食品与饲料中的AFB_1。Objective To study the effects of seven edible fungi including Pleurotus ostreatus,Auricularia auricular and Flammulina velutiper for detoxification of aflatoxin Bi（AFBi）.Methods The strains with the ability to detoxicate AFB1 were screened based on the ratio of degradation circle and colony diameter（Da/Dm）;then the strain with the highest detoxification ability was screened by HPLC.Finally,the screened strain was inoculated in rice and maize contaminated by AFB1 to evaluate its detoxification ability.Results Preliminary screening revealed that Pleurotus ostreatus,Auricularia auricular and Flammulina velutiper had stronger detoxicating ability,with the Da/Dm values being 1.6±0.02,1.5±0.01 and 1.4±0.02,respectively.Auricularia auricula had the highest capacity to detoxicate AFB1,and 88.16%of toxin was removed after ten days.In addition,Auricularia auricula had better toxic-reducing effect on AFB1 in corn powder and rice,with the detoxification rate of 62.40%and 15.73%,respectively.Conclusion Auricularia auricula has good detoxificating effect on the AFB1 in contaminated grain and can be applied in food industry to control mycotoxin contamination.

关 键 词：食用菌 黄曲霉毒素B1 脱毒 应用 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]