高速列车铝型材声振特性测试及等效建模  

Vibro-acoustic characteristics measurement and equivalent modeling of aluminum extrusion of high-speed trains

作　　者：张捷[1] 肖新标[1] 王瑞乾[2] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]常州大学城市轨道交通学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2017年第3期545-553,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51475390/U1434201);国家"863"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2011AA11A103-2-2);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2015TPL_T08)

摘　　要：通过试验测试和仿真分析系统地研究高速列车地板铝型材的声振特性.使用混响室-混响室方法在声学实验室测试铝型材的频率隔声量;使用半功率带宽法、行波法测试铝型材的阻尼损耗因子;使用模态计数法获得铝型材的模态密度;使用声强扫描法测试铝型材的辐射声功率.基于混合有限元-统计能量分析(FE-SEA)方法建立地板铝型材的声振特性仿真预测模型,并与试验结果进行对比分析.基于统计能量分析(SEA)原理,提出在中高频范围使用单层板对铝型材的声振特性预测进行等效建模的方法.仿真结果表明,通过将地板铝型材的SEA参数赋值于单层板子系统,可以有效模拟其在中高频的声振特性.相关研究成果可为高速列车铝型材的声学性能优化以及复杂结构的声学等效建模方法的探索提供参考.The vibro-acoustic characteristics of the floor aluminum extrusion of high-speed trains were systematically investigated by measurement analysis and simulation calculation. Firstly, sound transmission loss of the aluminum extrusion was tested based on reverberation room vs.reverberation room method in an acoustic laboratory.Damping loss factor was tested based on half-power bandwidth method and vibration attenuation method.Modal density was obtained based on modal counting method.Sound radiation power was tested based on sound intensity method.Secondly,the prediction models of sound transmission loss and sound radiation power were both built up based on the hybrid method of finite element and statistical energy analysis（FE-SEA）.The simulation results and the experimental results were comparatively analyzed.Last,according to the theory of statistical energy analysis（SEA）,an equivalent modelling method of the aluminum extrusion in the mid and high frequency was presented using a single plate.Results indicate that the equivalent SEA model of a single plate can well predict the vibroacoustic characteristics of the aluminum extrusion in the mid and high frequency by using the SEA parameters of the aluminum extrusion.This work provides a reference for the acoustic optimization of the aluminum extrusion of high-speed trains,and a theoretical basis for exploring the equivalent modelling methods of complex structures.

关 键 词：高速列车 铝型材 声振特性 模态密度 阻尼损耗因子 耦合损耗因子 等效建模 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]