从学力观的历史变迁审视“互联网+”时代的学习评价  

Inspecting the Learning Assessment in Internet plus Era from the Perspective of Historical Transformation of Academic Achievement Evaluation

作　　者：齐宇歆[1] 

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学教育科学学院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2017年第2期43-55,共13页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：福建省哲学社会科学规划2014年度一般项目"基于PISA的学习素养评价体系的构建与实践研究"(项目编号:2014B188)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要："学力"一词发源于中国,在韩国、新加坡等国家得到了传播与应用,尤其为日本"二战"后的人才培养、经济振兴做出了历史性贡献。学力评价理论历史发展脉络显示:日本学力评价经历了从强调服务经济、生活的实用主义到突出新技术、新工具应用的科学工具主义,再到重视学习者尊严与自我成长的现代人本主义,强调学习者自我意义建构的社会建构主义,最终消融于注重社会文化语境解释的PISA测评模式五个不同时期;学习评价内容也从单纯的知识、技能掌握先后转移到了一个完整的人的培养和注重社会历史文化语境浸润的素养教育。学力评价理论不断变迁的历史轨迹启示我们:不断更新学习评价观念,进一步理顺学习的个体价值与社会价值的辩证关系,着力提升学习过程中的内化意识,打破原有学科壁垒,通过问题线索建立多学科联动,依托"互联网+"建立学习状况自诊断平台,将有助于不断推动"互联网+"时代以素养为目标的学习评价向纵深发展。The word of academic achievement originated from China, but it was also propagated and applied in South Korea and Singapore and other areas, especially contributed a lot to the cultivating of professionals and vigorous economic growth in Japan.After combing out and examining closely the thought-thread of academic achievement, these conclusions were reached that this theory experienced five distinct historic periods： pragmatism of serving economic development and everyday life, scientific instrumentalism of emphasizing the application of new technology and new tools, modern humanism of highlighting the learner ＇s esteem and self-development, social constructivism of attaching importance to constructing their own meanings and disappearing in PISA mode of stressing on breeding up in the social and cultural environment at last. The contents of learning assessment also varied from the simple mastery of knowledge and skills to a whole person＇s cultivating and literacy education in some social cultural contexts respectively. This changing history enlightens us with how to effectively promote learning assessment which is aimed at literacy education in Internet plus era. These strategies include continually updating the ideas of learning assessment, coordinating the relations between the individual values and social values, exerting our every effort to promote the awareness of internalization, building interdisciplinary linkage by the clues to solve complex situated problem and setting up a self-diagnostic platform for learning status in terms of Internet plus.

关 键 词：学力观 自然人文主义 社会文化语境 PISA 核心素养 互联网+ 互联网+学习 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]