Stroop范式中不同语言条件下的双语优势效应  

Bilingual Advantage in Stroop under the Condition of Different Languages

作　　者：高姗[1,2] 焦江丽[1,2] 刘毅[1,2] 闻素霞[1,2] 邱旭升[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学心智发展与学习科学重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆师范大学心理系,乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《心理科学》2017年第2期315-320,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(71563054);2015年新疆师范大学教育科学学院大学生科技创新项目(JY2015004);新疆师范大学自治区文科基地"新疆教师教育研究中心"招标课题(XJEDU0405C02);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(15XJJC190001);新疆自治区社科基金项目(2016BYY077)的资助

摘　　要：目的:采用Stroop范式探讨不同语言条件下的双语优势效应。方法:两个实验均为2(被试类型)x 3(色词一致性)的混合实验设计,被试为熟练双语者和非熟练双语者。结果:(1)L1条件下熟练双语者的Stroop效应量小于非熟练双语者,L2条件下无显著差异。(2)熟练双语者在两个实验条件下的平均反应时均小于非熟练双语者,L2条件下的易化效应量显著大于非熟练双语者。结论:(1)熟练双语者在L1条件下的抑制控制能力好于非熟练双语者,体现了"双语优势效应";(2)熟练双语者在Stroop干扰任务中可能比非熟练双语者具有更好的信息监控能力。Purposes： The ＂bilingual advantage effect＂ refers to the positive impact on cognitive abilities obtained from the bilingual learning or experience. Some researches believed that the most important mechanism of the ＂bilingual advantage effect＂ is inhibitory control, but the cognitive mechanism of this effect is still debated in recent studies. This research adopted the stroop paradigm to examine the mechanism of the ＂bilingual advantage effect＂ under the condition of languagel, language2. Subjects were skilled bilingual and unskilled ones whose languagel was Uyghur and language2 was Chinese. We discussed the difference of bilingual＇s inhibitory control and the facilitating effect under the condition of different languages in the Stroop task. Procedures： The research included two experiments, all used Stroop task. These experiments were all designed by 2 type （subjects） x3 （color word conditions）. Experiment one for L1 condition, experiment two for L2 condition. There were 43 subjects who participated in the experiment. We used the E - Prime 2.0 software program. The participant＇s task was to react to the color of the word and then press the corresponding button; the program automatically recorded the subject＇s reaction time and error rate. Results： Three subjects were eliminated because of high errors. The reaction time and error rate of 40 subjects were analyzed by repetitive measure analysis of variance. The results showed that： （1） Under the condition of L 1 there was significant difference between these two type of subjects, namely the skilled bilinguals＇ Stroop effect size （18 ms） was less than the unskilled bilinguals＇ （33 ms）, t （33） = 3.56, p 〈 .05, Cohen＇s d = 0.32. There was no significant difference under the condition of L2.（2） In all experiments the average reaction time of skilled bilinguals was less than that of the unskilled bilinguals. Especially under the condition of L2 skilled bilinguals＇ facilitation effect quantity is significant

关 键 词：双语者 双语优势效应 Stroop范式 抑制控制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]