挤压膨化预处理技术对灵芝多糖提取的影响  

Effect of twin-screw extrusion on polysaccharide extraction from Ganoderma lucidum

作　　者：闫征[1] 李双石[1] 杨国伟[1] 王越鹏[2] 罗忠智 郝利民[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京电子科技职业学院生物工程学院,北京100176 [2]总后勤部军需装备研究所,北京100010

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2017年第8期280-283,289,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：军队科研项目(AX110C002);军队科研项目(BX115C007);军需所科研项目(HX-04-13-022);北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PXM2016_014306_000005)

摘　　要：以灵芝子实体为原料,在热水浸提前进行双螺杆挤压膨化预处理,以提高灵芝多糖的提取得率。分别采用单因素和正交实验对物料提取前的挤压膨化预处理条件进行优化,然后采用高效凝胶排阻色谱对比了挤压膨化预处理对水提灵芝多糖分子量分布的影响。在物料粒度60目时,通过优化得到了双螺杆挤压膨化预处理的最优工艺:套筒温度160℃,固液比1:3,螺杆转速150 r/min,采用上述条件进行预处理后,灵芝多糖的提取得率为7.92%,较未挤压膨化灵芝的多糖提取得率提高了92.7%,表明采用双螺杆挤压膨化技术对灵芝子实体进行预处理,可显著提高灵芝多糖的提取得率,同时双螺杆挤压膨化预处理会增加灵芝多糖提取物中低分子量多糖的比例。In order to increase the yield of soluble polysaccharides, the fruit body of C, anoderma lucidum was subjected to twin- screw extrusion before hot-water extraction.The solid-liquid ratio, rotary speed and barrel temperature of screw were optimized through single factor and orthogonal experiment according to the yield of soluble polysaecharides.The comparison between screw effects on polysaceharides molecular weight distribution were carried out using high performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multiangle laser light scattering （ SEC- MALLS/RID） .When the particle diameter was 60 mesh, the optimum conditions were as follows,the barrel temperature 160 ℃ , solid-liquid ratio 1：3, rotary speed of screw 150 r/rain.Under this condition,the yield of soluble polysaccharides was 92.7% higher than before ,reached 7.92% .It means that the yield of soluble Ganderma lucidum polysaccharides can be increased by twin-screw extrusion to a great extent, and the ratio of low-molecular weight polysaccharides increased after twin-screw extrusion.

关 键 词：挤压膨化 灵芝 多糖 提取 分子量分布 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]