酸酶一步法对蟹壳脱矿物质和蛋白质作用的研究  

Demineralization and deproteinization of crab shell by acid-enzyme single-step method

作　　者：武小芳[1] 刘燕 刘建辉 李小娜 郭润芳[1] 孙纪录[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学食品科技学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学理工学院,河北黄骅061100 [3]河北农业大学现代科技学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2017年第5期72-77,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省科技计划项目"利用蟹壳和小球藻生产新型海洋多糖的关键技术研究及功能食品开发"(15273204D)

摘　　要：为了高效和环保地开发蟹壳资源,本试验以蟹壳粉为原料,研究了酸酶一步法同时脱除矿物质和蛋白质的工艺。结果表明,酸酶一步法的最优条件为:1mol/L甲酸,加酸反应30min后添加胃蛋白酶,保温处理时间6h,反应温度50℃。最终得到的甲壳素产品的蛋白质脱除率为88.59%,灰分含量为1.98%。扫描电镜观察显示,甲壳素结构更均匀,明显呈纤维状。红外光谱检测结果也证实样品为甲壳素。因此,酸酶一步法可以有效地从蟹壳提取甲壳素。For the efficient and environment-friendly development of crab shell,the acid-enzyme single-step process for simultaneous demineralization and deproteinization was studied in this paper,with crab shell powder as raw material.The results showed that the optimum conditions of acid-enzyme single-step method were as follows：1 mol/L formic acid,pepsin addition after adding acid and reacting for 30 min,and incubation for 6h at 50 ℃.The deproteinization rate and ash content of the resulting chitin were 88.59% and 1.98%,respectively.The images of scanning electron microscopy showed that the chitin product was more homogeneous,and the fiber could be observed obviously.The results of infrared spectrum also proved that the resulting product was chitin.Therefore,acid-enzyme single-step method can effectively extract chitin from crab shell.

关 键 词：蟹壳 脱矿物质 脱蛋白质 胃蛋白酶 甲酸 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]