响应面法优化南极磷虾粗脂肪索氏提取工艺  

Optimization of Soxhlet Extraction of Antarctic Krill Lipid by Response Surface Methodology

作　　者：周莉[1] 李佩璇 赵钰灵 曾晓雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学食品科技学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《食品科学》2017年第24期165-170,共6页Food Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(NSFC31501521);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20140701)

摘　　要：采用索氏提取法从南极磷虾中提取粗脂肪,分别考察提取溶剂、提取温度、提取时间和提取溶剂体积比对南极磷虾粗脂肪得率的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法进行工艺优化,确定最佳提取条件为提取溶剂正己烷-无水乙醇(3.5∶1,V/V)、提取温度80℃、提取时间5.4 h。在此条件下,南极磷虾粗脂肪得率为12.32%。采用气相色谱法分析南极磷虾粗脂肪的脂肪酸组成,结果表明,粗脂肪中主要含有棕榈酸(C16:0,28.86%)、EPA(C20:5n3,15.48%)、油酸(C18:1n9c,12.71%)和二十二碳六烯酸(C22:6,12.22%)。不饱和脂肪酸的相对含量高达57.47%,其中单不饱和脂肪酸相对含量19.82%,多不饱和脂肪酸相对含量37.65%。因此,南极磷虾是多不饱和脂肪酸的新来源,具有较高的营养价值,可作为膳食营养补充剂广泛应用。The Soxhlet extraction of lipid from Antarctic krill was optimized using one-factor-at-a-time method and response surface methodology.The lipid yield was studied as a function of solvent type and composition,extraction temperature and time.The results showed that optimal extraction conditions that resulted in the maximum lipid yield of 12.32% were as follows：a mixture of hexane and ethanol（3.5：1,V/V） as extraction solvent,temperature 80 ℃,and time 5.4 h.Gas chromatography analysis showed that the lipid obtained was mainly composed of palmitic acid（C16：0,28.86%）,eicosapentaenoic acid（C20：5n3,15.48%）,oleic acid（C18：1n9c,12.71%） and docosahexaenoic acid（C22：6,12.22%）.The unsaturated fatty acid content was above 57.47%,with monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids accounting for 19.82% and 37.65%,respectively.Therefore,Antarctic krill is a novel source of polyunsaturated fatty acids,and has high nutritional value and could be widely used as dietary supplements.

关 键 词：南极磷虾粗脂肪 脂肪酸 索氏提取法 响应面法 

分 类 号：TS272[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]