聋生“是……的”句的句法意识  

Deaf students' syntactic awareness of the “shi…de” construction in sentence reading

作　　者：张帆 李德高[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江特殊教育职业学院,杭州310023 [2]曲阜师范大学翻译学院,山东日照276826

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第11期1383-1391,共9页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(17YJC740113);浙江省高校重大人文社科项目攻关项目(2016QN043)资助

摘　　要：聋生在书面语语法学习中遇到极大困难。以"是……的"句为实验材料,使用移动窗口式自步速逐词句子阅读任务进行3项实验研究发现,和既懂手语又懂口语的(听力损失不高于70 d B的)中轻度聋生相比,(听力损失高于70 d B的)重度聋生对句尾助词"的"的句法信息加工尤其困难,他们对"是……的"句的句法意识较弱。本研究对重度聋生的书面语语法教学训练具有重要的心理学指导意义。Deaf students take sign language and written language as their first and second language, respectively. Probably because of differences between the two languages in modality, they meet serious problems with grammar in written language. However, much remains unknown behind this phenomenon. In China students with a profound level of hearing loss（SPL） attend the same activities on campus as those who have a moderate or slight level of hearing loss（SM/SL）. Since most SM/SLs are able to use spoken Chinese with the help of hearing aids but SPLs are not, however, it is likely that the former develop a better awareness of grammar in written Chinese than the latter.We conducted three experiments on a cohort of 117 deaf college students（55 SPLs）from Zhejiang Vocational College of Special Education,China with sentences of the＂shi…de＂construction as the materials in a moving-window self-paced reading task.The structural particles＂shi＂and＂de＂in a＂shi…de＂sentence form a syntactic construction so that what is in between is pragmatically emphasized.The words between the two particles were an adjective,verb-object phrase,and verb phrase modified by a prepositional phrase in Experiment 1,2,and 3,respectively.In each experiment,the key sentences were common examples of a＂shi…de＂construction and the corresponding grammatically incorrect sentences.A correct sentence was converted into an incorrect sentence with the first particle＂shi＂removed.There were 36,34,and 36 pairs of critical sentences in Experiment 1,2,and 3,respectively.It was hypothesized that a stronger wrap-up effect would be revealed in the participants’reaction times to the second particle＂de＂in the incorrect than in the correct sentences.The wrap-up effect means that readers spend more time to the last word of a sentence because extra resources of cognition are needed for the integration of information.The SM/SLs would be more likely than the SPLs to have a wrap-up effect in the correct sentences.We obtained two main resu

关 键 词：聋生 语法意识 “是……的”句 句子阅读 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]