读职校有用吗?——美国职业教育个人收益的元分析与启示  

Is It Useful to Go to a Vocational School:the Personal Income of Vocational Education in America and Its' Enlightenment

作　　者：李鹏[1,2] 朱德全 LI Peng1＇2 ,ZHU De-quan1(Faculty of Education, Southwestern University, Chongqing 400715 2. College of Education, Michigan State University, US)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]密歇根州立大学教育学院

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2018年第1期109-116,共8页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：重庆市研究生科研创新项目"职业教育教学质量评价技术与制度研究"(CYB14064);西南大学基本科研经费项目"职业教育教学评价制度体系研究"(SWU1609205)

摘　　要：读职校的个人收益是影响职业教育吸引力的关键所在。通过对美国社区学院教育个人收益相关研究的元分析发现,美国社区学院教育的个人收益相当可观,主要表现为:直经济性收益;学位证、职业资格证等带来符号性收益;学分与升学带来的发展性收益;增进个人健康、减少违法犯罪等缄默性收益。基于美国社区学院教育个人收益的启示,中国职业教育需要在招生、学费、学制方面控制成本,提高学生的净效率;在专业设置、学位制度、职业资格证、学分转换等方面催生个人收益的增长点;同时也需要加大职业教育投入,以高质量职业教育保障学生个人收益,从而办更"有用"的职校,办人民满意的职业教育。The personal income is a key element for choosing vocational education. Through revie- wing the study of personal income education of American Community College, the meta-analysis indi- cates that the personal income brought by the American Community College study is quite considerable. They are composed by （1） direct economic gains; （2） the degree certificate and vocational qualification certificate; （3） the further development gains brought by the credit bank system; （4） tacit income gained from personal health improvement, reduce illegal or criminal and other. Based on this, China＇s vocational education should be strengthened by cost control to improve the net efficiency of students in the enrollment system, tuition system and study hour system. Also, reform in professional settings, degree system, qualifications, credit banking and other aspects of personal income growth points. Ad- ditionally, it calls for greater investment for vocational education to ensure personal benefits of voca- tional education and to make vocational school more useful and more satisfied.

关 键 词：职业教育 社区学院 个人收益 职业教育吸引力 现代职业教育体系 

分 类 号：G719.1[文化科学—职业技术教育学]