建筑结构与构造课程有效教学模式实践  

The Reform Practice of the Course of Landscape Architecture Structure Based on the QAIT Teaching Mode

作　　者：冮明鸣[1] 金煜[1] 李智辉[1] 汪江[2] GANG Ming-ming;JIN Yu;LI Zhi-hui;WANG Jiang(College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning Province, China;School of Architecture and Art Design, University of Science Technology, Liaoning, Anshan 114051, Liaoning Province , China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]辽宁科技大学建筑与艺术学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第6期700-706,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省本科教学改革一般项目(20110867);沈阳农业大学教学改革研究项目(2016-146)

摘　　要：以沈阳农业大学园林、风景园林专业园林建筑结构与构造课程为例,根据美国教育心理学家Slavin提出的有效教学模式(QAIT),内容包括教学质量、教学适当性、激励策略和时间管控四个因素,并对该门课程在教学方法中存在的不足进行剖析,并从细化教学任务、明确教学目标的角度,在课堂上教师利用先行者策略组织教学设计、引入模型概念等手法提高教学质量;建立严谨的教学体系和优化教学内容,利用信息化平台促进大学生的课前知识准备来改变教学的适当性;教师课下深化CAI课上创设丰富的学习环境,使大学生由被动学习变主动学习,以此完成有效教学的激励因素;时间因素主要通过增加大学生课堂学习时间,设计合理的教学组织策略维持全体的注意时间。经几轮课堂有效教学模式的改革与实践,有效教学模式能提高大学生思考、分析和设计能力,调动大学生专业学习的积极性、主动性和创造性,激发学习兴趣,培养大学生团队精神和合作能力。Taking for example the landscape architecture structure course which is offered for the landscape architecture specialty in Shenyang agricultural university, this paper analyzes the shortcomings existing in the current teaching methods of this course based on the Effective Teaching mode put forward by Slavin, American psychologist, which consists of the factors of teaching quality, teaching appropriateness, incentive strategy and time management and puts forwards that in order to improve the teaching quality the teaching task should be refined, the teaching objective cleared, the strategy of Pioneer taken in class to make the teaching design efficiently and the conceptual model introduced to improve college students＂ effective cognation; in order to strengthen the teaching appropriateness a rigorous teaching system should be established, the teaching content optimized and college students prepared before class; in order to motivate college students to learn the course a learning environment with rich contents should be created for college students to change their way of learning from passively to actively and the CAI design deepened so as to stimulate students＂ interest in learning; and in order to have a good management of time the participative teaching method should be employed to increase the time students spend on learning and reasonable strategies for class organization worked out to keep the attention of the class to the course as long as possible. Several rounds of the reform practice of the QAIT-based Effective Teaching Mode show that the QAIT mode has a positive effect on the improvement of college students＂ abilities of thinking, analysis and design; the mobilization of their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity for specialty learning; the stimulation of their interest in learning; and the cultivation of their team spirit and cooperation ability.

关 键 词：建筑学 风景园林专业 园林建筑结构与构造课程 有效教学模式 教学改革 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]