白酒酒醅纤维素降解菌的多样性分析及其分离筛选  

Characterization of the diversity and activity of cellulose-degrading bacteria in Zaopei used for Chinese Baijiu production

作　　者：刘茂柯[1,2] 唐玉明[1,2] 熊洪[1] 刘颖[1,2] 蒋鹏[1] 任道群[1,2] 田新惠[1,2] 姚万春[1,2] LIU Mao-ke;TANG Yu-ming;XIONG Hong;LIU Ying;JIANG Peng;TIAN Xin-hui;YAO Wan-chun(Institute of Rice and Sorghum Sciences, Siehuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China;Institute of Luzhou Liquor Making Science, Luzhou 646100, China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,四川德阳618000 [2]四川省泸州市酿酒科学研究所,四川泸州646100

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2018年第4期35-41,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划粮食丰产增效科技创新专项(2017YFD0301705);泸州市科技计划社会发展专项(2016S55);四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所青年基金专项

摘　　要：为拓展纤维素降解菌资源,将浓香和清香型白酒酒醅样品富集培养于羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC-Na)液体培养基,利用变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,DGGE)和平板培养法研究富集培养物的细菌多样性,筛选高效纤维素降解菌。DGGE结果显示,原始酒醅样品和富集培养物的细菌多样性无显著差异(p<0.05),但群落结构相似性较低;富集培养物中的细菌分类于Acinetobacter、Bacillus、Klebsiella、Lactococcus、Paenibacillus。经刚果红水解圈、纤维素酶(carboxymethyl cellulase,CMCase)活力和滤纸条降解试验测定,获得3株纤维素降解力较强的细菌,分别为Paenibacillus sp.、Acinetobacter sp.和Gluconobacter sp.。由这3株细菌构建的复合菌系在液态发酵条件下对水稻秸秆和小麦秸秆均具有显著的降解作用,降解率分别为35.32%和28.89%。白酒酒醅蕴藏高效的纤维素降解菌,具有开发利用潜力。Zaopei,a mixture of fermented grains used for Chinese Baijiu production,is a complex ecosystem that hosts diverse microbial communities that play important role in cereal fermentation. In this study,Cellulose-degrading bacteria（CDB）in Zaopei samples used for Strong-and Light-flavor Baijiu production were incubated in enrichment medium with sodium salt of caboxymethyl cellulose（CMC-Na）as the sole source of carbon. We performed denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）to explore the diversity of cellulolytic communities and varied cultivation methods to determine cellulolytic potential. DGGE analysis showed no significant differences in bacterial species diversity between the original Zaopei samples and enrichment culture（p 0. 05）,but the community structure in the enrichment culture was significantly different than that found for the original Zaopei samples. Sequencing of the DGGE bands allowed the identification of 5 bacterial genera（Acinetobacter,Bacillus,Klebsiella,Lactococcus and Paenibacillus）in the enrichment culture. To evaluate the cellulase activity of the CDB,the hydrolytic value of the colony on cellulose congo red agar media,carboxymethyl cellulase（CMCase）activity,and filter paper degradation ability were measured.Consequently,3 isolates（Paenibacillus sp.,Acinetobacter sp. and Gluconobacter sp.）with high cellulose-degrading properties were obtained. The results also indicated that significant synergistic straw degradation could be achieved in a mixed culture system of the 3 isolates and the degradation rate of rice-and wheat-straw were 35. 32% and 28. 89%,respectively. The data presented in this study significantly increases the number of identified bacteria associated with cellulose degradation,and the biotechnological potential of these bacterial isolates should be explored in detail.

关 键 词：纤维素降解菌 群落结构 选育 复合菌系 秸秆 

分 类 号：TS261.1[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]