部件启动范式下可成字部件的位置效应  

Location effect of Chinese wordable components in the component priming paradigm

作　　者：王丹[1] 王婷 秦松 张积家[1] WANG Dan;WANG Ting;QIN Song;ZHANG Jijia(Key Research Center for National Psychology and Education,the National Education Development Center of the Ministry of Education,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系国家民委民族语言文化心理重点研究基地教育部民族教育发展中心民族心理与教育重点研究基地,北京100872

出　　处：《心理学报》2019年第2期163-176,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家民委民族研究重点项目(2017-GMA-004);北京市社会科学基金项目(16YYB024);中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助)项目(16XNLQ05)资助

摘　　要：可成字部件在汉字中的位置和功能多种多样。实验1采用部件启动范式考察在汉字识别中可成字部件在不同位置的功能。启动刺激为处于三种位置(主要义符位置、次要义符位置、声符位置)的可成字部件,目标刺激为包含这三种位置可成字部件的汉字,要求被试对目标字做词汇判断。实验2结合部件启动范式和视觉搜寻范式探查可成字部件在不同位置的功能。结果表明:(1)可成字部件处在声符位置时的启动效应强于处在义符位置时。(2)可成字部件作义符时的启动作用只出现在处于主要义符位置时。(3)处在声符位置的可成字部件启动不仅促进对包含声符位置部件的汉字的识别,还促进对包含主要义符位置部件的汉字的识别,但阻碍对包含次要义符位置部件的汉字的识别。(4)当启动部件处于次要义符位置时,不影响对包含相关部件的汉字的识别。整个研究表明,部件位置效应不仅包含部件位置对汉字识别的影响,还包含部件位置频率对汉字识别的影响。Several components in phonogram characters, such as ‘女’, ‘口’ and ‘马’, can be phonetic radical in the phonetic components’ location or semantic radical in the semantic components’ location. We call these components Chinese wordable components(or Chinese wordable radical), and such components must be a single Chinese character. The location and function of Chinese wordable components vary in Chinese characters. In theory, each wordable components can appear in different parts of Chinese characters. However, the same component appears in different locations of Chinese characters with different characterisation characteristics because of the assumption that the location of components follows orthographic rules, and the frequency of the components’ location is different. However, previous studies have failed to distinguish between components’ location and the frequency of components in various locations and did not explore the effects of wordable components in different locations. This study used the component priming paradigm, which can effectively explore the effect of components’ location on the cognition of Chinese characters. With regard to components that can appear in different locations of Chinese characters, this study investigated the roles of different parts in Chinese character recognition by matching the usage frequency of Chinese characters(all high-frequency characters), stroke numbers and other factors in the component priming paradigm. Experiment 1 adopted the component priming paradigm to investigate the function of wordable components in different locations in Chinese character recognition. The priming stimuli were wordable components of three locations(primary semantic radical, secondary semantic radical and phonetic radical). The target stimuli were Chinese characters that contained these wordable components in three locations. Subjects were asked to identify the true and false characters of the target Chinese characters. Experiment 2 adopted component priming and visua

关 键 词：义符 声符 可成字部件 部件启动 位置效应 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]