幼儿园教师伦理敏感性问卷编制及其发展现状  

Development of Questionnaire on Kindergarten Teachers' Ethical Sensitivity and Its Current Situation

作　　者：李园园 步社民[2] 李支其[1] Yuanyuan Li;Shemin Bu;Zhiqi Li(Education Research Center,Ankang College,Ankang 725000 China;Hangzhou College for Kindergarten Teachers,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou 311215 China)

机构地区：[1]陕西安康学院教育研究中心,安康725000 [2]浙江师范大学杭州幼儿师范学院,杭州311215

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2019年第1期45-61,共17页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科学研究计划人文社科专项"机会与质量:陕南地区县域普惠性民办幼儿园管理机制研究"(批准号:2013JK0386);陕西省教育厅学前教育研究项目"幼小衔接联动机制构建的实证研究"(编号:ZDKT1610)

摘　　要：当前部分幼儿园教师的伦理失范行为引起了人们对幼儿园教师伦理素养的关注。缺乏伦理敏感性,不能领会和解释保教情境中的伦理信息可能是导致幼儿园教师伦理失范行为的重要原因。为探究幼儿园教师伦理敏感性的发展现状,研究者首先编制了一套包含8个维度、34个项目的调查问卷,其信度、效度均达到心理测量学的要求。然后,研究者以Z省455名幼儿园教师为被试,调查其伦理敏感性水平,结果发现幼儿园教师伦理敏感性整体未达到良好水平,各领域发展不均,觉察伦理信息是教师的最大困难;伦理敏感性水平在教师教龄、职称的不同发展阶段呈V型趋势,反映了教师的伦理敏感性发展存在"脱敏期";生育状况显著影响幼儿园教师伦理敏感性,母亲角色有助于教师伦理敏感的形成;学历、专业对幼儿园教师伦理敏感性的影响不显著。今后应在幼儿园教师职前培养和职后培训中加强专业伦理教育,同时注重教师个体道德素养的提升,从而促使幼儿园教师的伦理敏感性获得更好的发展。The occurrence of ethical misconduct in some kindergarten teachers has attracted much attention.The lack of abilities that is appreciated and interpreted by teachers in daily care and educational situations involved in ethical implication(i.e.ethical sensitivity)may be the reason of ethical misconduct in kindergarten teachers.In order to explore the current situations of kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity,researchers were aimed to establish a tool which can accurately measure the kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity and to investigate the level of kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity.A questionnaire containing 8 dimensions and 34 items was established and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire meets the criteria of psychological measurement based on exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.Furthermore,we used the questionnaire to survey 455 kindergarten teachers and the results showed that the status of kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity is at an average level with uneven developmental distribution of different fields.The awareness of ethics was the biggest difficulty in kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity.Moreover,the status of kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity showed a V-shape tendency between the different stages of teachers’teaching age and title,suggesting a desensitization period existing in kindergarten teachers’ethical sensitivity.The status of fertility obviously affected teachers’ethical sensitivity,which contributes to teachers’ethical sensitivity cultivation.No significant difference was found between the educational background and major,which suggests that there are specialty specificity and moral universality in teachers’ethical sensitivity.Thus,the promotion of ethical sensitivity by strengthening pre-service and in-service professional ethics education,and by paying attentions to individual moral quality can promote better development of teachers’ethical sensitivity.

关 键 词：幼儿园教师 专业伦理 伦理敏感性 伦理失范 

分 类 号：G615[文化科学—学前教育学]