“推进一流本科教育,提高人才培养质量”的理念、路径与方法(笔谈)  

“Promoting First-class Undergraduate Education and Improving the Quality of Personnel Training”: Idea,Path and Method (Pen Talk)

作　　者：王洪才 李湘萍[3] 卢晓东[4] 王建华[5] 柳友荣[6] 张晶[7] 周序[8] 李林[9] 黄伟九 沈伟其 WANG Hongcai;LI Xiangping;LU Xiaodong;WANG Jianhua;LIU Yourong;ZHANG Jing;ZHOU Xu;LI Lin;HUANG Weijiu;SHEN Weiqi

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院 [2]厦门大学高等教育质量协同创新中心 [3]北京师范大学高等教育研究院 [4]北京大学教育学院/教育经济研究所 [5]南京师范大学教育科学学院立德树人协同创新中心 [6]池州学院 [7]安徽大学高等教育研究所 [8]厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心 [9]重庆邮电大学党委 [10]重庆文理学院党委 [11]宁波诺丁汉大学党委 [12]教育部

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2019年第1期23-26,共4页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目"新时代中国特色高等教育话语体系构建研究"(BIA180200);教育部国别和区域研究专项资金资助课题"高等学校专业设置规划与质量保障体系研究"

摘　　要：建设世界一流大学需要高度重视本科教育。"推进一流本科教育,提高人才培养质量"的前提是要理解本科教育的本意,从不同维度反思"我们需要什么样的本科教育""什么是好的本科教育""如何推进一流本科教育"等问题。从宏观层面看,本科教育的使命是为了促进每一个大学生"成才"和"成人"。从现实需求看,一流本科教育不可忽视跨学科人才培养,需要按照学科标准、职业标准和学生标准对专业进行重新分类,为跨学科专业设置、新工科建设以及高校专业设置与调整开辟理论空间。目前,我国本科教育的最大问题是培养目标不明确,面临学术型与应用型的抉择。好的本科教育需要基于本科生"关键能力"的培养,彻底消除他们对于专业的陌生感,满足他们对于理智的好奇心,撤除横亘在大学与社会之间的藩篱并激发他们的创新创业精神。具体来说,一流本科教育是一流"教"与"学"的统一,需要一流的投入和一流的教育管理,需要在教学改革中侧重技术层面的突破。一流本科教育不是一流大学的"专利",不是"一类本科",没有固定模式,更不能盲目追求学术GDP。对于应用型本科高校而言,在"一流本科教育"中要结合学校特点和办学实际,做出异于"双一流"建设高校的现实抉择。作为一类特殊性质的高校,中外合作大学在建设一流本科教育的过程中,要在引入国外优质高等教育资源的基础上,强调对相关资源的消化、吸收、融合、创新,从而培养出符合社会主义现代化建设要求的高素质国际化人才。Building a world-class university requires to attach great importance to the undergraduate education.The premise of“promoting first-class undergraduate education and improving the quality of personnel training”is to understand the original intention of undergraduate education,and reflect on the problems from different dimensions,such as“what kind of undergraduate education we need”,“what a good undergraduate education is”,“how to promote first-class undergraduate education”,etc..From a macro perspective,the mission of undergraduate education is to promote the“success”and“adult”of every college student.From the realistic demand,the first-class undergraduate education should not ignore the training of interdisciplinary talents.The major should be reclassified through the subject standard,vocational standard and student standard,which opens up the theoretical space for the establishment of interdisciplinary specialties,the construction of new subjects and the setting and adjustment of specialties in colleges and universities.At present,the biggest problem of undergraduate education in China is that the training objective is unclear,and it faces the choice of academic and applied type.A good undergraduate education needs to be based on the cultivation of undergraduates’key abilities,to eliminate their unfamiliarity with the major,to satisfy their curiosity for reason,to remove the barriers between universities and society,and to stimulate their innovative and entrepreneurial spirit.Specifically,the first-class undergraduate education is the unity of first-class“teaching”and“learning”.It needs first-class investment and first-class education management,and it needs to focus on the technological breakthroughs in the teaching reform.First-class undergraduate education is not the“patent”of first-class universities,and it is not a type of“first-class undergraduate education”,and there is no fixed model,let alone blindly pursue the academic GDP.For the application-oriented undergra

关 键 词：一流本科教育 “成人”教育 跨学科教育 创新素养 高等教育强国 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]