从孟秋时祭、中元节、盂兰盆节看儒释道三教交流  

On the Exchange of Confucianism Buddhism and Taoism from the Perspectives of Three Ritual Festivals

作　　者：陈雄[1] 陈戍国[1] Chen Xiong;Chen Shuguo

机构地区：[1]湖南大学岳麓书院

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2019年第2期112-119,158,159,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"传统礼制及其现代价值"(项目编号:12AZD077)阶段性成果

摘　　要：孟秋时祭在先秦时期便已施行,中元节源于汉末道教"三官信仰",盂兰盆节脱胎于儒家宗法伦理和道教荐拔观念。三教交流以魏晋为起点,隋唐时达到鼎盛,出现了儒家尝秋、佛教盂兰、道教中元并行的奇异景象,学术思想三足鼎立。宋明时,三教理论实现深层次高度合流,理学出现,此后,佛道成为附庸渐趋世俗化。The Confucian Mengqiu,the Autumn Sacrificial Ritual, started in the Pre-Qin Period. The Taoist Zhongyuan (Chung Yuan) Festival originated from the belief of "three officials", the ancient Taoist deities worshiped since the late Han Dynasty. The Buddhist Yulan (Obon) Festival was born out of the Confucian concept of patriarchal clan system, ethic tradition, and the Taoist recommendation and promotion philosophy. The exchange of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism began in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and reached its peak in the Sui and Tang Dynasties when the Confucian Autumn Sacrifice was side by side with the Taoist Chung Yuan and the Buddhist Obon, a bizarre cultural landscape with tripartite academic thoughts. An advanced and profound integration of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism was found in the Song and Ming Dynasties, and after nco-Confucianism emerged and became prominent and dominant, Buddhism and Taoism tended to be subjection and secularization.

关 键 词：三教合一 宋明理学 两汉经学 冯友兰 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学]