微波-热风振动流化床干燥机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Microwave-Hot-airflow Vibrating Dryer

作　　者：吕豪[1] 吕黄珍[2] 王雷 吕为乔[1] 万丽娜[2] 赵丹[2] LU Hao;L Huangzhen;WANG Lei;LU Weiqiao;WAN Li na;ZHAO Dan(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;Hubei Agricultural Machinery Engineering Research and Design Institute,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业机械化科学研究院,北京100083 [3]湖北省农业机械工程研究设计院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2019年第6期344-351,248,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2018B020241003-10);中国农业大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2018QC013)

摘　　要：针对微波干燥中场强分布不均、物料微波能吸收能力不同导致的微波加热不均匀现象,结合微波干燥的高效性、流态化干燥的均匀性以及热风干燥辅助去除水汽的功能,设计了一种实现干燥均匀性的微波-热风振动流化床干燥机,主要由振动流化床系统、热风系统、微波加热系统、测温系统和控制系统等组成。采用Ansoft HFSS软件对微波加热仓磁控管不同开口位置进行仿真分析,得到多馈口激励最佳方案。结果显示,物料高度距离箱底不变的情况下,4个微波馈入端口的位置相对于原始端口位置外移30mm,物料表面场强分布更加均匀。以新鲜毛豆仁为例,对该机的性能和加热均匀性进行试验验证,结果表明:设计方案和控制系统方案可靠,微波-热风振动流化床干燥下毛豆仁的干燥时间为54min,比单独微波流化床干燥的干燥时间缩短34.1%,比微波-热风组合干燥的干燥时间缩短12.9%且产品均匀性显著提高。The non-uniform distribution of microwave field and the non-uniform absorption in fresh food during microwave drying lead to the uneven quality. Combining the advantages of the high efficiency of microwave drying with the uniformity of fluidized drying,water vapor was removed by hot airflow. A microwave-hot-airflow vibrating dryer( MAVD) was developed based on drying uniformity. The MAVD device mainly included a fluidized bed system,a hot air heating system,a microwave heating system,a temperature measurement system and a control system. The positions of magnetron in drying chamber were simulated and optimized with the software of Ansoft HFSS. The results showed that when the height of the tray was constant from the bottom of the box,the positions of the four microwave feed ports were30 mm away from the original port position,thus the surface electromagnetic field distribution of the material was more uniform. The performance of the device was tested with green soybean. The results showed that the design and control system of the drying test platform were reliable. The drying time of MAVD was 54 min,which was 34. 1% shorter than that of microwave fluidized bed drying alone,and the uniformity of products was significantly improved. The research results provided reference for microwave drying equipment to improve the uniformity of microwave heating.

关 键 词：振动流化床 微波干燥 热风 均匀性 仿真 

分 类 号：S375[农业科学—农产品加工]