加工精度对大米矿质元素分布的影响  

Effect of Processing Precision on Mineral Elements Distribution in Rice

作　　者：钱丽丽[1] 宋雪健 宋春蕾[1] 赵海燕[2] 张爱武[1] 曹冬梅[1] 姚笛[1] 张东杰[1] Qian Lili;Song Xuejian;Song Chunlei;Zhao Haiyan;Zhang Aiwu;Cao Dongmei;Yao Di;Zhang Dongjie(Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,College of Food Science,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang;Qingdao Agricultural University,College of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao 266109,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2019年第7期161-167,共7页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技部项目(2012BAD34B0205);黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541576);黑龙江省垦区科研项目(HKN125B-13-02);黑龙江省农垦总局“十三五”重点科技攻关项目(HNK135-06-06)

摘　　要：矿质元素指纹分析技术已逐渐被应用到农产品的质量控制中,大米中的矿质元素含量不仅与环境(产地和年份)、品种密切相关,还受加工方式的影响。为研究大米中矿物元素在不同加工等级间的差异,筛选出受加工精度影响较大的元素,以水稻品种龙粳40作为模式生物,加工成5个等级,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定不同等级大米中52种矿物元素的含量,并通过X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对龙粳40水稻籽粒颖果外表面、近表面、近米中部和米中部的元素含量进行定量分析。结果表明,不同加工精度间Na,Mg,Al,Ca,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Cu,Zn,Rb,Sr,Mo,Cs和Ba元素含量差异显著。Na,Ca,Fe元素在水稻籽粒不同部位的含量有差异,颖果表面Na,K,Ca,Fe含量较高,近米中部和米中部含量较低,说明在颖果中Na,K,Ca,Fe等元素主要富集在糙米籽粒的外最层(主要是糠层和外胚乳层),加工精度是稻米矿质元素指纹分析技术研究中应考虑主要因素之一。Mineral elements fingerprinting is applied for quality control detection of agricultural products. The content of the mineral elements in rice is not only related to genotype, environment factors, but also the processing precision. As a major influence factor for mineral elements distribution in rice, it deserves further study. Rice variety of Longjing-40 was taken as the model material in this study, which was divided into 5 grades under different precision levels. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied for mineral elements contents detection in rice. The contents of Na, Mg, Al, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cs and Ba were notably different in different precision levels of rice. The data suggest that the content of Na, K, Ca, Fe were significantly higher in outer layer of rice, and were lower in the middle layer and near middle of rice. The results show that the contents of Na, Mg, Al, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cs and Ba are significantly different among different processing precisions. The contents of Na, Ca and Fe in different parts of rice grains are different. The content of Na, K, Ca and Fe on the surface of the caryopsis is higher, and that is lower in the near center parts and center parts of the rice, indicating that Na, K, Ca and Fe are mainly enriched in the outermost layer of brown rice (mainly the bran layer and the outer endosperm layer). The processing precision is one of the main factors that should be considered in the research of rice mineral element fingerprint analysis technology.

关 键 词：矿质元素 质量控制 大米 加工精度 X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS) 

分 类 号：TS210.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]