榛子的营养成分测定及保健功能研究  

Study on nutritional composition and health function of hazelnut

作　　者：常存[1] 段楠[1] 刘新杰[1] CHANG Cun;DUAN Nan;LIU Xin-jie(Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2019年第16期44-45,共2页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：介绍了榛子的生长习性和主要分布区域。其抗寒性强,喜欢湿润气候,较为喜光,对土壤的适应性较强,在黑龙江省分布较广,是东北重要的土特产之一。榛子含有多种营养成分及鞣质类成分、紫杉醇、多元酚、β-谷甾醇、不饱和脂肪酸等对人体有益的活性成分。阐述了榛子具有抑菌、抗病毒、抗癌、抗氧化、抗炎、预防心血管疾病、补脑益神、抗艾滋病等保健功能。榛子含有可水解鞣质,在抑菌和抑制菌斑形成中均有显著作用。榛子中的鞣质类成分具有抑制乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA聚合酶的活性和结合乙型肝炎表面抗原的作用,能够抑制病毒在细胞内的增殖。榛子中所含有的紫杉醇对晚期乳腺癌和卵巢癌等均具有一定疗效。榛子中的鞣质类化合物对肿瘤细胞的合成有显著的抑制作用。榛子中含有的β-谷甾醇对氧自由基具有较强的抑制作用,具有作为天然油脂抗氧化剂的功能。榛子中含有可水解鞣质,能抑制Ca2+激活透明质酸酶的活性,具有抗炎作用。榛子仁中富含的单不饱和脂肪酸有助于降低血液中低密度脂蛋白和血胆固醇,对防治心血管疾病具有很好的作用。榛子中含有的多不饱和脂肪酸在进入人体后可生成卵磷脂,促进脑神经发育,提高记忆力。榛子中含有的可水解鞣质具有很强的抗HIV活性作用,能减少HIV抗原的表达,从而起到抗艾滋病毒的作用。The growth habits and main distribution areas of hazelnut are introduced.It has strong cold resistance,like wet climate,more sunshine,strong adaptability to soil,and is widely distributed in Heilongjiang Province.It is one of the important local products in Northeast China.Hazelnut contains a variety of nutrients,but also contains tannins,paclitaxel,polyphenols,beta-sitosterol,unsaturated fatty acids and other useful active ingredients for human body.Hazelnut has the functions of bacteriostasis,anti-virus,anti-cancer,anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,prevention of cardiovascular disease,tonifying brain and invigorating spirit,anti-AIDS and other health functions.Hazelnut contains hydrolyzable tannins,which have significant effects in bacteriostasis and plaque formation inhibition.Tannins from hazelnut can inhibit the activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase and binding to hepatitis B surface antigen,and inhibit the proliferation of virus in cells.Taxol contained in hazelnut has certain curative effect on advanced breast cancer and ovarian cancer.Tannins from hazelnut have significant inhibitory effects on the synthesis of cancer cells.The beta-sitosterol contained in hazelnut has strong inhibitory effect on oxygen free radicals and can be used as natural oil antioxidant.Hazelnut contains hydrolyzable tannin,which can inhibit Ca 2+ activation of hyaluronidase and has anti-inflammatory effect.Hazelnut kernels are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids,which help to reduce low density lipoprotein and cholesterol in the blood,and play a very good role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.The polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in hazelnut can produce lecithin after entering human body,promote the development of brain nerve and improve memory.The hydrolyzable tannins contained in hazelnut have strong anti-HIV activity,which can reduce the expression of HIV antigen and thus play an anti-HIV role.

关 键 词：榛子 营养成分 保健功能 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]