Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in health and disease  

作　　者：Ligong Chen Xiao-Wei Chen Xun Huang Bao-Liang Song Yan Wang Yiguo Wang 

机构地区：[1]School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology,Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education),Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology,Institute of Molecular Medicine,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [4]Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis,College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China [5]MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics,Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences,School of Life Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2019年第11期1420-1458,共39页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31521062,31570807,31571213,31625014,31621063,31630019,31830040,91857000 and 91857108);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFA0500100,2016YFC1304803,2017YFA0503404 and 2018YFA0506900)

摘　　要：Glucose and fatty acids are the major sources of energy for human body. Cholesterol, the most abundant sterol in mammals, is a key component of cell membranes although it does not generate ATP. The metabolisms of glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol are often intertwined and regulated. For example, glucose can be converted to fatty acids and cholesterol through de novo lipid biosynthesis pathways. Excessive lipids are secreted in lipoproteins or stored in lipid droplets. The metabolites of glucose and lipids are dynamically transported intercellularly and intracellularly, and then converted to other molecules in specific compartments. The disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism result in severe diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and fatty liver. This review summarizes the major metabolic aspects of glucose and lipid, and their regulations in the context of physiology and diseases.Glucose and fatty acids are the major sources of energy for human body. Cholesterol, the most abundant sterol in mammals, is a key component of cell membranes although it does not generate ATP. The metabolisms of glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol are often intertwined and regulated. For example, glucose can be converted to fatty acids and cholesterol through de novo lipid biosynthesis pathways. Excessive lipids are secreted in lipoproteins or stored in lipid droplets. The metabolites of glucose and lipids are dynamically transported intercellularly and intracellularly, and then converted to other molecules in specific compartments. The disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism result in severe diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and fatty liver. This review summarizes the major metabolic aspects of glucose and lipid, and their regulations in the context of physiology and diseases.

关 键 词：CHOLESTEROL FATTY acid GLUCOSE LYSOSOME endoplasmic reticulum LIPID droplet METABOLIC disease 

分 类 号：R58[医药卫生—内分泌]