从融合到融和:培智学校与社区互动研究  

From Inovement to Inclusion : on the Interaction of Specila Education Schools and Comunies

作　　者：陆莎[1] 冯超[2] Lu Sha;Feng Chao(Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100031;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京教育科学研究院,北京100031 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100087

出　　处：《当代教育论坛》2020年第1期114-122,共9页forum on contemporary education

基　　金：北京市社会课程基金项目青年项目“融合教育背景下智力残疾儿童社区支持体系研究”(项目编号16JYC019)”;全国教育科学“十三五”规划2016年度教育部重点课题“我国残疾人高考政策优化路径研究”(项目编号:DIA160328)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：培智学校教育对象的变化、融合教育的倡导实施、原有课程实施方式使得培智学校的改革势在必行。以北京市某特殊教育学校为研究对象,采用质性研究的研究方法对该校与社区互动的原因、历史、具体举措、效果及问题进行了研究。研究结果表明,在文化氛围、学校管理、课程方面培智学校都有其与社区互动的机制。培智学校与社区互动的特点有:“双赢”是培智学校与社区互动的基础、“利益共同体”是培智学校与社区互动的表现形式、“改革发展”是培智学校与社区互动的动力。要更好地促进培智学校与社区互动,不仅需要协调学校内学科课程与社区课程的冲突、突破学校改革和质量发展的瓶颈,更需要处理好学校、社区、家庭、政府在培智学校与社区互动中的支持服务关系。The change of educational objects,the advocacy and implementation of inclusive education,and the implementation of the original curriculum make the reform of intellectual schools imperative.Taking a special education school in Beijing as the research object,this paper uses qualitative research method to study the reasons,history,specific measures,effects and problems of interaction between the school and the community.The results show that there are interaction mechanisms between schools and communities in terms of cultural atmosphere,school management and curriculum.The characteristics of interaction between schools and communities are as follows:"win-win"is the basis of interaction between schools and communities,"community of interests"is the manifestation of interaction between schools and communities,and"reform and development"is the motive force of interaction between schools and communities.To better promote the interaction between schools and communities,it is not only necessary to coordinate the conflict between subject curriculum and community curriculum in schools,break through the bottleneck of school reform and quality development,but also need to deal with the support and service relationship between schools,communities,families and governments in the interaction between schools and communities.

关 键 词：培智学校 学校与社区互动 融合教育 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]