课程知识的谱系建构及其学术取向的演变:现代课程论百年发展的钩沉与展望  

The Construction of Curriculum Knowledge Pedigrees and the Evolution of Its Academic Orientations:Critical Review and Vision on Modern Curriculum Studies

作　　者：杨明全[1] YANG Mingquan(International and Comparative Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,100048

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2020年第4期31-45,共15页Global Education

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划2017年度优先关注课题“北京市中小学课程改革与综合化实施的理论与实践研究”(项目编号:BEDA17034)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：现代课程论百年发展的历程说明,课程知识的建构是一个批判性的学术发展过程,也是一个不断谱系化并承载特定学术功能的过程。在这个过程中,进步主义教育运动的兴盛是现代课程论得以确立的时代背景,初创时期的课程研究致力于学校秩序的改造与重建,一开始就彰显出特定的学术功能。以博比特、查特斯为代表的早期课程研究者致力于课程研究的科学化和实用化,开启了科学主义课程开发的先河。此后,在课程论学科发展的历程中至少涌现出经验课程、理性课程、实践课程和批判课程这四种知识谱系,它们代表了不同的学术视角,丰富了课程的内涵。从学术取向上来看,现代课程研究则体现出从"技艺之学"到"原理建构"、再到"实践取向"和"社会批判"的转向。我国的课程研究需要在新的转向中面向未来,梳理参与世界课程研究的得与失,深度参与世界课程研究的潮流,由此表明自身的学术追求,回应国际化的呼声,真正做到学术自立,最终在世界范围内走向学术共享。The development of modern curriculum studies across one century shows that the construction of curriculum knowledge is a critical academic evolution process,which is also a process of transforming into pedigrees with different academic functions.In this process,the prosperity of the progressive education movement is a background of the establishment of modern curriculum theory,which is dedicated to reforming and rebuilding school order.As representatives,Franklin Bobbitt and Werrett W.Charters dedicated themselves to the scientific and practical application of curriculum research,which was the first step in the development of a scientific curriculum theory.After that,in the history of curriculum theory studies,there are at least four branches of knowledge that have emerged,namely empirical curriculum,rational curriculum,practical curriculum,and critical curriculum.They represent different academic perspectives and enrich the content of the course.From perspective of academic orientation,curriculum study has gone through four stages:curriculum study as skill,curriculum study as principle construction,curriculum study as practice,curriculum study as social criticism.Curriculum research in China needs to look to the future in a new direction and deep participation in the trend of world curriculum research,which is towards academic sharing finally.

关 键 词：现代课程论 课程知识 知识谱系 学术取向 

分 类 号：G423[文化科学—课程与教学论]