汽爆预处理提取西番莲果胶及其性质分析  

Extraction and Properties of Pectin from Passion Fruit Peel by Steam Explosion Pretreatment

作　　者：梁泳伦 郑丽丽[2,3] 杨旸 郑晓燕 校导[2,3] 钟爽 艾斌凌 杨劲松[1] 盛占武 LIANG Yong-lun;ZHENG Li-li;YANG Yang;ZHENG Xiao-yan;XIAO Dao;ZHONG Shuang;AI Bin-ling;YANG Jing-song;SHENG Zhan-wu(College of Food Science and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China;Haikou Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 570102,Hainan,China;Haikou Key Laboratory of Banana Biology,Haikou 570102,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学食品科学与工程学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院海口实验站,海南海口570102 [3]海口市香蕉生物学重点实验室,海南海口570102

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2020年第13期9-16,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772096);海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2017004);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(17CXTD-05,1630092019001)。

摘　　要：以西番莲果皮为研究对象,用蒸汽爆破(汽爆)处理从中提取果胶,并与传统的酸提法作对比。结果表明:蒸汽压力为0.6 MPa,维压时间为120 s,果胶提取率为18.84%,比传统酸提法提高81.15%。扫描电镜结果显示,汽爆法提取后的果皮残渣具有多孔结构,产生了大量的坑洞。两种提取方法所得果胶均为高甲氧基果胶,与酸提果胶相比,汽爆果胶具有较低的酯化度(esterification degree,DE)和分子量,总酚含量和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除活性较高。傅立叶变换红外光谱结果显示,汽爆法和酸提法获得的果胶官能团存在一定差异。流变学分析表明,汽爆提取的果胶溶液具有剪切稀化特性,并且随着角频率的增加,储能模量(G’)和损耗模量(G’’)增加。可见,汽爆预处理可高效提取果胶且具有较好的应用前景。Taking passion fruit peel as research object,pectin was extracted from it by steam explosion,and compared with traditional acid extraction method.The results showed that the steam pressure was 0.6 MPa,the pressure maintaining time was 120 s,and the pectin extraction rate was 18.84%,which was 81.15%higher than the traditional acid extraction method.Observing the residue of the steam explosion process by scanning electron microscope revealed many porous structures and potholes.The Pectin extracted by steam explosion and acid methods belonged to high-methoxyl pectin.Compared with acid extraction,the pectin extracted by steam explosion with a simultaneously lower esterification degree(DE),lower molecular weight,higher total phenolic content and higher DPPH radical scavenging activity.Moreover,there were certain differences in functional group composition and thermal properties according to Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR)analysis.In addition,rheological analysis showed that the pectin solutions had shear-thinning characteristics and as the frequency increased,the energy storage(G')and loss(G'')modulus increased.Hence,the steam explosion process was an efficient pectin extraction method and had good application prospects.

关 键 词：西番莲果皮 果胶 蒸汽爆破 提取 性质 

分 类 号：TS209[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]