中国第6次总膳食调查样品中杀螨剂的含量及暴露分析  

Occurrences and dietary exposure analysis for acaricides in the 6th Chinese total diet study

作　　者：辛少鲲 赵晓雪 吕冰 陈达炜 李敬光 赵云峰 吴永宁 Xin Shaokun;Zhao Xiaoxue;Lyu Bing;Chen Dawei;Li Jingguang;Zhao Yunfeng;Wu Yongning(Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of National Health Commission,China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估重点实验室,北京100021

出　　处：《卫生研究》2020年第3期397-402,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2017YFC1600501)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国膳食中哒螨灵、螺螨酯和炔螨特3种杀螨剂的残留水平及居民膳食摄入量。方法使用液相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定第6次中国总膳食研究的24个省(自治区、直辖市)的12类膳食样品,共288份混合样品的杀螨剂残留水平。以我国一般人群的膳食消费量数据,估算我国居民的杀螨剂膳食摄入量。结果在膳食样品中检出了哒螨灵、炔螨特和螺螨酯3种杀螨剂,检出率分别为11.8%(34/288)、8.7%(25/288)和6.3%(18/288),3种杀螨剂均主要于蔬菜类和水果类样品中检出。其中哒螨灵的残留水平为未检出(non detect,ND)~49.55μg/kg,平均残留水平以蔬菜类6.26μg/kg最高;炔螨特的残留水平为ND^14.01μg/kg,平均残留水平以水果类3.92μg/kg最高;螺螨酯的残留水平为ND^4.62μg/kg,平均残留水平以蔬菜类0.90μg/kg最高。膳食暴露分析表明,中国一般人群哒螨灵、炔螨特和螺螨酯的膳食暴露量分别为48.31、1.62和2.25 ng/(kg·d),分别是哒螨灵每日允许摄入量(acceptable daily intake,ADI)的0.48%,炔螨特ADI的0.02%和螺螨酯ADI的0.02%。从地域上看,南方省份杀螨剂的残留暴露总体高于北方省份,但均远低于各自的健康指导值。从膳食贡献率看,检出的3种杀螨剂均主要来自于蔬菜类样品。结论中国膳食样品中虽有不同程度的杀螨剂检出,但一般人群的膳食摄入健康风险处于较低水平。OBJECTIVE To study the residue levels of acaricides in Chinese dietary samples and dietary intakes of Chinese residents.METHODS A total of 288 mixed dietary samples from 24 provinces in the 6 th Chinese total diet study were analyzed for residue levels of acaricides by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.Additionally,based on the dietary consumption of local residents,the dietary intake of acaricides was estimated.RESULTS Among the tested dietary samples,the detection rates of pyridaben,spirodiclofen and propargite were 11.8%(34/288),8.7%(25/288),and 6.3%(18/288),respectively.They were mainly detected in vegetable and fruit samples.The average residue level of pyridaben in the vegetable samples was higher than that in other dietary samples with the content of 6.26μg/kg.The average residue level of spirodiclofen in the fruits samples was higher than that in other dietary samples with the content of 3.92μg/kg.The average residue level of propargite in the vegetable samples was higher than that in other dietary samples with the content of 0.90μg/kg.According to the dietary exposure analysis,the average dietary exposure levels of pyridaben,spirodiclofen and propargite in the general population of China were 48.31,1.62 and 2.25 ng/(kg·d),respectively.According to the dietary contribution rate,the three acaricides were mainly from vegetable samples.CONCLUSION Although acaricides were detected in varying degrees in the Chinese dietary samples,the general population’s health risk caused by the dietary intake in China is at a low level.

关 键 词：杀螨剂 总膳食研究 膳食暴露 食品安全 食品检测 

分 类 号：R155.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] TS207.53[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]