蒸汽压片玉米对平凉红牛肉用性能的影响  

Effects of Steam⁃Flaked Corn on Meat Performance of Pingliang Red Cattle

作　　者：白云鹏 雷赵民[1] 吴建平[2] 赵生国[1] 张科[3] 曾金焱[4] 焦婷[5] 豆思远 李玉 BAI Yunpeng;LEI Zhaomin;WU Jianping;ZHAO Shengguo;ZHANG Ke;ZENG Jinyan;JIAO Ting;DOU Siyuan;LI Yu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Livestock Grass and Green Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China;Gansu Agriculture Technology College,Lanzhou 730020,China;Pratacultural College,Gansu Agriculture University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730046,China;Gansu Livestock Production Technique Central Station,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,兰州730070 [3]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [4]甘肃农业职业技术学院畜牧兽医系,兰州370020 [5]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070 [6]甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心,兰州730046 [7]甘肃省畜牧技术推广总站,兰州730030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第6期2700-2709,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：甘肃省草原生态治理修复科技支撑项目(甘肃省林草局专项);甘肃省科技重大专项计划:肉牛高效生态营养技术体系研究与示范(17ZD2NC020);兰州市科技局重点项目:玉米秸秆饲料化关键技术集成与示范推广(2012⁃2⁃159);甘肃省现代农业(草食畜)产业技术体系专项(GARS⁃CSX⁃1);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项:北方作物秸秆饲用化利用技术研究与示范(201503134)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究蒸汽压片玉米对平凉红牛生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、常规营养成分及胴体主要部位肉块产量的影响。选取20月龄左右、体重为(403.24±5.14) kg的健康平凉红牛(阉牛)45头,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复5头牛。各组试验牛分别饲喂蒸汽压片玉米替代0 (SFC0组)、50%(SFC50组)、100%(SFC100组)粉碎玉米的试验饲粮。预试期10 d,正试期150 d。饲喂结束后屠宰并测定屠宰性能、肉品质、常规营养成分和胴体主要部位肉块产量。结果表明:1) SFC100组的平均日增重显著高于SFC50组和SFC0组(P<0.05),且SFC50组显著高于SFC0组(P<0.05);SFC100组的料重比显著低于SFC50组和SFC0组(P<0.05),且SFC50组显著低于SFC0组(P<0.05)。2) SFC100组和SFC50组的24 h空腹重显著高于SFC0组(P<0.05)。各组间的屠宰率、净肉率、胴体产肉率和肉骨比均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3)SFC100组的熟肉率显著高于SFC0组和SFC50组(P<0.05),SFC100组和SFC50组的失水率显著低于SFC0组(P<0.05),SFC100组的蒸煮损失和水分含量显著低于SFC0组(P<0.05),SFC100组的pH显著低于SFC50组和SFC0组(P<0.05)。4) SFC100组的高档部位肉块产量、高档部位肉块占活体比例及优质部位肉块产量显著高于SFC50组和SFC0组(P <0.05),且SFC50组显著高于SFC0组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中蒸汽压片玉米替代粉碎玉米可以在不影响屠宰性能的基础上,提高平凉红牛的生长性能、肉品质及胴体主要部位肉块产量。本试验条件下,在饲粮中使用蒸汽压片玉米100%替代粉碎玉米效果最佳。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of steam⁃flaked corn on growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,regular nutritional component and carcass main parts meat yield of Pingli⁃ang red cattle.Forty⁃five 20⁃month⁃old healthy Pingliang red cattle(steers)with similar body weight of(403.24±5.14)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 15 cattle per replicate.Cattle in the 3 groups were fed the experimental diets which used steam⁃flaked corn replaced 0(FC0 group),50%(SFC50 group)and 100%(SFC100 group)milling corn,respectively.The pre⁃experimental period las⁃ted for 10 days,and the experimental period lasted for 150 days.At the end of feeding,cattle were slaughter and the slaughter performance,meat quality,regular nutritional component and carcass main parts meat yield were measured.The results showed as follows:1)the daily weight gain of SFC100 group was significantly higher than that of SFC50 group and SFC0 group(P<0.05),and SFC50 group was significantly higher than that of SFC0 group(P<0.05);the feed to gain ratio of SFC100 group was significantly lower than that of SFC50 group and SFC0 group(P<0.05),and SFC50 group was significantly lower than SFC0 group(P<0.05).2)The 24 h fasting weight of SFC100 group and SFC50 group was significantly higher than SFC0 group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in slaughter rate,net meat rate,carcass meat rate and meat to bone ratio among all groups(P>0.05).3)The cooked meat rate of SFC100 group was significantly higher than that of SFC50 group and SFC0 group(P<0.05),the water loss rate of SFC100 group and SFC50 group was significantly lower than that of SFC0 group(P<0.05),the cooking loss moisture content of SFC100 group were significantly lower than those of SFC0 group(P<0.05),and the pH of SFC100 group was significantly lower than that of SFC50 group and SFC0 group(P<0.05).4)The meat yield of high⁃grade parts,meat proportion of high⁃grade parts in living body and meat yield of high⁃quality p

关 键 词：蒸汽压片玉米 平凉红牛 生长性能 屠宰性能 胴体品质 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]