汉语阅读障碍儿童的视觉空间注意能力及其与汉语阅读的关系  

Ability of visual spatial attention and its relationship with Chinese reading in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia

作　　者：杨飒 季雨竹 刘梦连 毕鸿燕[1,2,3] YANG Sa;JI Yuzhu;LIU Menglian;BI Hongyan(Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院心理研究所脑科学与学习困难研究中心,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学心理系,北京100049

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2020年第8期673-678,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671155、31371044)。

摘　　要：目的:探究汉语阅读障碍儿童的视觉空间注意与汉语阅读的关系。方法:依据识字量测试和瑞文智力测试得分筛选出阅读障碍(DD)儿童55例,并按年龄、智力匹配同年龄正常对照组(CA)儿童66例。采用数字划消测试测查两组儿童视觉空间注意能力。对所有被试进行阅读流畅性、阅读准确性、语音意识、语素意识等测试。结果:汉语DD儿童的注意划消得分低于CA儿童[(29.6±6.8)vs.(32.3±6.3),P<0.05]。相关分析表明视觉空间注意与阅读流畅性(r=0.31,P<0.01)和阅读准确性(r=0.31,P<0.001)呈中度正相关。多重回归的结果表明语素意识和快速命名可以预测儿童的阅读准确性(β=0.4,P<0.01;β=-0.39,P<0.01)与流畅性(β=031,P<0.01;β=-0.50,P<0.01)。结论:视觉空间注意缺陷可能是引起汉语阅读障碍的原因之一,并且这种缺陷与阅读能力存在关系。Objective:To explore the ability of visual spatial attention in Chinese children with developmental dyslexia and its relationship with Chinses reading.Methods:According to scores of the vocabulary test and Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices,55 primary school students were selected as DD group.Sixty-six normal children were selected as chronological control group matching in age and RESP scores.Results:The scores of digit cancellation test were lower in DD group than in the normal controls[(29.6±6.8)vs(32.3±6.3),P<0.05].Visual spatial attention was positive correlated with reading accuracy(r=0.31,P<0.01)and reading fluency(r=0.31,P<0.001).Multiple regression analysis showed that only rapid naming and morphological awareness could predict the reading accuracy(β=0.4,P<0.001;β=-0.39,P<0.001)and the reading fluency(β=031,P<0.001;β=-0.50,P<0.001).Conclusion:Visual spatial attention deficit might be one of the causes of Chinese dyslexia and it is related with reading ability.

关 键 词：发展性阅读障碍 视觉空间注意 汉语儿童 汉语阅读 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]