不同蛋白酶酶解对蚕豆蛋白生物活性的影响  

Effect of different protease enzymatic hydrolysis on biological activity of broad bean protein

作　　者：乔杨波 韩丽娟 王树林[1] 院珍珍 秦艳婷[1] QIAO Yangbo;HAN Lijuan;WANG Shulin;YUAN Zhenzhen;QIN Yanting(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国油脂》2020年第7期56-60,共5页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室自主课题(2018-ZZ-03)。

摘　　要：以青海蚕豆为原料,通过干燥、粉碎、等电点沉淀、冻干等工艺提取蚕豆蛋白,选用酸性蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶对其进行酶解,并以抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制率为评价指标,考察不同蛋白酶酶解对蚕豆蛋白生物活性的影响。结果表明:经蛋白酶酶解后,蚕豆蛋白多肽得率极显著升高;胃蛋白酶处理后的蚕豆蛋白多肽得率达39.14%;经菠萝蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶酶解后可以明显增加蚕豆蛋白中氨基酸的种类和含量。菠萝蛋白酶处理后的蚕豆蛋白酶解产物对ABTS自由基的清除率可达90.53%(质量浓度96μg/mL),对α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性抑制率可达88.10%(质量浓度48μg/mL);经酸性蛋白酶处理后的蚕豆蛋白酶解产物对DPPH自由基的清除率可达95.71%(质量浓度96μg/mL)。经蛋白酶酶解后蚕豆蛋白的生物价值得以大幅度提升,具有很好的开发前景。Using Qinghai broad bean as raw material,the broad bean protein was extracted by drying,pulverizing,isoelectric precipitation and freeze-drying.Acid protease,bromelain and pepsin were used to hydrolyze broad bean protein.With the antioxidant activity andα-glucosidase activity inhibition rate as evaluating indicators,the effects of different protease enzymatic hydrolysis on the biological activity of broad bean protein were investigated.The results showed that after enzymolysis,the yield of broad bean protein polypeptide increased significantly.The yield of broad bean protein polypeptide after pepsin treatment reached 39.14%.The types and contents of amino acids in broad bean protein increased obviously after enzymatic hydrolysis by acid protease and bromelain.The scavenging rate of enzymolysis products of broad bean protein treated by bromelain on ABTS free radical could reach 90.53%(mass concentration 96μg/mL),and its inhibition rate ofα-glucosidase activity could reach 88.10%(mass concentration48μg/mL).The scavenging rate of enzymolysis products of broad bean protein treated by acid protease on DPPH free radical could reach 95.71%(mass concentration 96μg/mL).The biological value of broad bean protein was greatly improved after enzymatic hydrolysis and it had a good development prospect.

关 键 词：蚕豆蛋白 蛋白酶 酶解 抗氧化 Α-葡萄糖苷酶 

分 类 号：TS222[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]