胆结石发生的膳食危险因素分析  

Analysis of dietary risk factors for gallstones

作　　者：张微竹[1] 何凤[1] 付莉[2] 邓力 ZHANG Wei-zhu;He Feng;FU Li;DENG Li(Department of Pediatric Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College;Department of Neonatal,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College;Department of Nursing,School of Nursing,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院儿外科 [2]川北医学院附属医院新生儿科 [3]川北医学院护理学院护理学系,四川南充637000

出　　处：《川北医学院学报》2020年第4期668-671,共4页Journal of North Sichuan Medical College

基　　金：四川省教育厅科研课题(17SB0137);南充市社科联科研项目(NC2017B106)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨胆结石发生的膳食危险因素。方法:采用匹配病例-对照的方法,以本院2018年10月至2018年12月收治的胆结石患者为病例组;选择性别及居住地相同且年龄相差≤5岁在普外科住院的非胆结石患者为对照组。收集两组患者的一般资料、膳食摄入情况及体格检查指标,并对采集的数据进行统计分析。结果:病例组和对照组在年龄、性别、体质指数(BMI)、居住地等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在家族史、吸烟方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。膳食调查结果显示,病例组在谷薯类、蔬菜类、水果类的日均摄入量分别为(308.19±166.67)g/d、(313.33±227.43)g/d和(248.76±231.46)g/d,均低于对照组的(345.44±192.84)g/d、(456.71±289.98)g/d和(325±261.31)g/d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在畜禽肉类及油类的日均摄入量分别为(121.76±89.18)g/d和(39.57±15.71)g/d,均高于对照组的(92.46±76.45)g/d和(28.92±14.49)g/d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistics回归分析显示,家族史、吸烟和高脂饮食是胆结石发生的危险因素,而高膳食纤维是胆结石发生的保护因素。结论:胆结石患者与膳食结构失衡相关,是畜禽肉类及油类摄入量过高,家族史、吸烟和高脂饮食是胆结石发生的危险因素。人们应改变饮食结构,多食用高膳食纤维,实现均衡饮食,预防胆结石。Objective:To explore the dietary risk factors for gallstones.Methods:Patients with gallstones admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to December 2018 were selected as the case group,and non-gallstone patients with the same sex ratio and residence and with age difference less than 5 year were selected as the control group.The general data,dietary intake and physical examination in the two groups were collected,and the collected data were analyzed statistically.Results:There were no differences in age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and residence,Between the case group and the control group,and there were differences in family history and smoking(P<0.05).The results of dietary investigation showed that the average daily intakes of potato,vegetable and fruit in the case group were(308.19±166.67)g/d,(313.33±227.43)g/d and(248.76±231.46)g/d,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group[(345.44±192.84)g/d,(456.71±289.98)g/d and(325.00±261.31)g/d,P<0.05].The average daily intakes of livestock and poultry meat and oil were(121.76±89.18)g/d and(39.57±15.71)g/d,which were higher than those in the control group[(92.46±76.45)g/d and(28.92±14.49)g/d,P<0.05].Logistics regression analysis showed that family history,smoking and high-fat diet were risk factors for the occurrence of gallstones,while high dietary fiber was a protective factor for gallstone.Conclusion:Gallstones patients are related to the imbalance of dietany structure,which is due to the excessive intake of meat and oil.Family history,smoking and high-fat diet are risk factors for gallstones.In the future,comprehensive measures should be adopted to change people's diet structure,achieve a balanced diet and reduce the prevalence of gallstones.

关 键 词：胆结石 膳食 危险因素 高脂饮食 膳食纤维 

分 类 号：R575.6[医药卫生—消化系统]