山东省居民饮料中咖啡因暴露评估  

Exposure assessment of beverages caffeine intakes in Shandong population

作　　者：宋柬[1] 李延墨 李明[1] 刘慧 宋雁 雍凌 SONG Jian;LI Yanmo;LI Ming;LIU Hui;SONG Yan;YONG Ling(Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Jinan 250014,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014 [2]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2020年第4期437-442,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家食品安全风险评估中心高层次人才队伍建设523项目;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2019WS432)。

摘　　要：目的评价山东省居民咖啡因的摄入水平及潜在的健康风险。方法检测8类共319份饮料样品中咖啡因含量数据,结合2013年2523名山东省居民饮料消费量调查数据,采用确定性评估的方法,对山东省不同年龄-性别组人群的咖啡因摄入水平及其潜在风险进行评估。结果各类饮料咖啡因的平均含量为9210.06 mg/kg,最大值为49059.60 mg/kg。山东省全人群咖啡因的平均每日摄入量为61.62μg/kg BW,远低于咖啡因的安全摄入量(6.7 mg/kg BW)。不同年龄-性别组人群以60岁及以上年龄组男性每日摄入量最高,平均为166.55μg/kg BW,占安全摄入量的2.49%。全人群中高食物量消费人群的咖啡因每日摄入量(P97.5)为476.82μg/kg BW,远低于安全摄入量,各年龄-性别组人群高食物量消费人群的咖啡因每日摄入量范围为0.00~3104.70μg/kg BW,最大值为13~17岁年龄组女性的摄入量。茶叶对于山东省居民饮料中咖啡因摄入的贡献率最高,达到74.19%。3~12岁儿童的咖啡因摄入主要来源为可乐。结论山东省居民饮料中咖啡因摄入的健康风险总体较低,其中茶叶和可乐分别为成年人和儿童的主要贡献食品。Objective To study caffeine concentration level in the main beverages,and evaluate the caffeine intake through beverages in Shandong population and its potential health risks.Methods Caffeine concentration levels of 319 beverages samples were determined.Consumption data of beverages were obtained from a survey of 2523 Shandong residents conducted in 2013.The deterministic assessment model was used to calculate dietary intake of caffeine in Shandong population.Results The average caffeine concentration level in 8 kinds of beverages was 9210.06 mg/kg,and the maximum value was 49059.60 mg/kg.The average intake of caffeine from beverages by Shandong population was 61.62μg/kg BW per day,well below the safe level of 6.7 mg/kg BW.The dietary intake of caffeine in men aged 60 years old and older was the highest,with an average of 166.55μg/kg BW per day,2.49%of the comparator of 6.7 mg/kg BW.The 97.5 th percentile(P97.5)of daily caffeine intake was 476.82μg/kg BW per day,well below the comparator of 6.7 mg/kg BW.The range of the 97.5th percentile(P97.5)of daily caffeine intake in each gender and age group was from 0.00 to 3104.70μg/kg BW per day.The maximum exposure of the 97.5th percentile was that of the 13-17 women group.Main food source of caffeine was tea,with a contribution rate of 74.19%in Shandong.The cola was the main source of caffeine intake in 3-12 years old.Conclusion The caffeine intakes through beverages by Shandong population do not rise to safety concerns.Tea and cola were the main food contributor of caffeine dietary intake for adults and children,respectively.

关 键 词：咖啡因 饮料 确定性评估 暴露评估 风险评估 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]