教育公平的“德国模式”研究  

The Study of"German Model"of Educational Equity

作　　者：陈莹[1] CHEN Ying(The College of Information,Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学信息与机电工程学院,上海200234

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2020年第10期34-42,共9页International and Comparative Education

摘　　要：长期以来,德国职业教育与高等教育分属两套截然不同的体系,处于严格分离的状态,并在很大程度上实现了教育阶层和社会阶层的复制。在这种情况下,职业教育与高等教育的融通成为推动教育公平的根本举措。随着工业4.0和数字经济的发展,随着系列政策的出台,企业和高校等重要利益相关者的立场发生变化,德国教育公平问题的解决迎来崭新局面。通过"第三条道路"的开拓,德国职业教育与高等教育初步实现贯通。"第三条道路"提供了民众向上流动的可能,实现了制度上的公平。通过"双元制高等教育"等办学模式的打造,德国职业教育与高等教育逐步走向融合。融合形式考虑了教育选择的影响机制,打造了实质性的公平。The strictly separated two distinct systems,German vocational education and higher education,have largely contributed to the stabilization of educational and social classes for a long time.Under these circumstances,to drive the confluence of vocational education and higher education has become a fundamental measure to promote equity in education.With the development of Industry 4.0 and digital economy,in addition to the introduction of related policies,the standpoints of key stakeholders like enterprises and universities have been changing significantly.It shows bright prospect of solving the problem of educational inequity in Germany.Through the exploration in"the third approach",German vocational education and higher education attain initial"throughness"."The third approach"makes it possible for people to move upwards and achieve institutional equity.By the implementation of"dual system of higher education"and other education modes,German vocational education and higher education present further integration.The integration of vocational education and higher education takes into account the impacting mechanism of educational choices and results in substantial educational equity.

关 键 词：德国 教育公平 职业教育 高等教育 双元制高等教育 

分 类 号：G40.516[文化科学—教育学原理]