Cortical plasticity and nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury  

作　　者：Ci Li Song-Yang Liu Wei Pi Pei-Xun Zhang 

机构地区：[1]Department of Orthopedics and Trauma,Peking University People’s Hospital,Beijing,China [2]Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration,Peking University,Beijing,China [3]National Center for Trauma Medicine,Beijing,China

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2021年第8期1518-1523,共6页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University),Ministry of Education of China,No. BMU2020XY005-03;National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 31771322;Beijing Science&Technology New Star Cross Project of China,No. 201819;Major R&D Program of National Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No. 2018YFB1105504;a grant from National Center for Trauma Medicine,Beijing,China,No. BMU2020XY005-01 (all to PXZ)。

摘　　要：With the development of neuroscience, substantial advances have been achieved in peripheral nerve regeneration over the past decades. However, peripheral nerve injury remains a critical public health problem because of the subsequent impairment or absence of sensorimotor function. Uncomfortable complications of peripheral nerve injury, such as chronic pain, can also cause problems for families and society. A number of studies have demonstrated that the proper functioning of the nervous system depends not only on a complete connection from the central nervous system to the surrounding targets at an anatomical level, but also on the continuous bilateral communication between the two. After peripheral nerve injury, the interruption of afferent and efferent signals can cause complex pathophysiological changes, including neurochemical alterations, modifications in the adaptability of excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and the reorganization of somatosensory and motor regions. This review discusses the close relationship between the cerebral cortex and peripheral nerves. We also focus on common therapies for peripheral nerve injury and summarize their potential mechanisms in relation to cortical plasticity. It has been suggested that cortical plasticity may be important for improving functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage. Further understanding of the potential common mechanisms between cortical reorganization and nerve injury will help to elucidate the pathophysiological processes of nerve injury, and may allow for the reduction of adverse consequences during peripheral nerve injury recovery. We also review the role that regulating reorganization mechanisms plays in functional recovery, and conclude with a suggestion to target cortical plasticity along with therapeutic interventions to promote peripheral nerve injury recovery.

关 键 词：cortical plasticity INJURY MECHANISMS nerve transfer NEURORRHAPHY peripheral nerve phantom limb pain RECOVERY REGENERATION treatment 

分 类 号：R688[医药卫生—骨科学]