强才智与强素质:素质教育改革新认识  

Strong Intelligence and Strong Quality:New Understanding of Quality Education Reform

作　　者：陆一[1] Lu Yi

机构地区：[1]复旦大学高等教育研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《国家教育行政学院学报》2020年第12期76-89,共14页Journal of National Academy of Education Administration

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划课题“中国大学通识教育建设成效分类评估研究”(CIA190274)。

摘　　要：素质教育的理念与实践是长期困扰中国教育改革的难题。通行的素质教育含义是指全面教育中考试不涉及的部分。素质教育不仅是非应试的,而且难以考评。根据理论分析得到“才智-素质”二维模型和两种教改路径。借助日本“新学力观”教改的实证数据,揭示“弱才智”教改路径的学力陷阱和社会阶层分化的代价。应当采取“强才智-强素质”的教改路径,使教育事业既服务于科教兴国,又有利于人的全面发展。全国范围的高水平均衡办学条件是实现“强素质”的必要前提,并能缓和过度功利化教育竞争的局面。充实校内教育、增加政府的选拔制度供给、在宏观和微观层面提高教与学的适配效率,方能为才智与素质兼强创造现实条件。The idea and practice of quality education is a difficult problem that has perplexed China's educational reform for a long time.The general meaning of quality education refers to the part not involved in the examination in comprehensive education.Quality education is not only non-exam oriented,but also difficult to evaluate.According to the theoretical analysis,the“intelligence quality”two-dimensional model and two kinds of teaching reform path are obtained.With the help of the empirical data of Japan’s“new concept of academic competence”teaching reform,this paper reveals the academic trap of“weak intelligence”teaching reform path and the cost of social stratification.We should take the path of“strengthening intelligence and quality”to make the education not only serve the rejuvenation of the country through science and education,but also benefit the all-round development of human beings.The high level and balanced school running condition in the whole country is the necessary premise to realize“strong quality”,and can ease the situation of excessive utilitarian education competition.Only by enriching the school education,increasing the selection system supply of the government,and improving the matching efficiency of teaching and learning at the macro and micro levels,can we create realistic conditions for both intelligence and quality.

关 键 词：素质教育 考试制度 可考评性 因材施教 教育成层 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]