霍山石斛花的热风干燥特性、品质及其护色应用研究  

Study on the characteristics,quality and color protection application of Dendrobium huoshanense flower during hot-air drying processes

作　　者：戴亚峰 王东慧 卿鹏程 吴浩 纵瑞叶 马少帅 郭晓晖 王增利[2] DAI Yafeng;WANG Donghui;QING Pengcheng;WU Hao;ZONG Ruiye;MA Shaoshuai;GUO Xiaohui;WANG Zengli(Jiuxianzun Dendrobium huoshanense Co.,Ltd.,Lu’an 237000,China;College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]九仙尊霍山石斛股份有限公司,安徽六安237000 [2]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2021年第1期193-197,共5页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：安徽省科技重大专项“霍山石斛品质提升关键技术集成示范与产业化研究”(201903a07020017)。

摘　　要：为研究热风干燥温度和护色剂的应用对霍山石斛花干制品品质特性的影响,通过改变热风干燥温度(50、60、70、80℃),对比不同温度下霍山石斛花的干燥速率、失水特性、主要生物活性成分(多糖、总酚、黄酮)含量,并探讨不同护色剂的应用效果,最终确定干燥工艺。结果显示:50℃的样品干燥时间最长,70℃的样品总酚含量、80℃的样品黄酮类化合物含量最低。综合考虑干燥效率和生物活性成分含量,最终选择60℃作为霍山石斛花的干燥温度。此条件下,干燥时间为4. 5 h,干制品的黄酮、多糖和总酚含量分别为(10. 94±0. 10)、(16. 80±2. 69)和(28. 06±0. 14) mg/g。进一步采用0. 5 g/L异抗坏血酸钠在干燥前作护色处理可提升霍山石斛花干制品色泽品质。利用0. 5 g/L异抗坏血酸钠对霍山石斛花护色预处理,在60℃条件下热风干燥4. 5 h,所得干制品的外观色泽良好,生物活性成分最佳。The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of hot-air drying with different temperatures and the application of color protection on the quality of the Dendrobium huoshanense flower.The best hot-air drying condition was confirmed by comparing moisture ratio,drying rate and main biologically active components(polysaccharides,total phenol,flavonoids)of the Dendrobium huoshanense at different temperatures(50,60,70,80℃)and further explore the effects of different color protection.The hot-air drying with 50℃had the longest drying time while drying at 70℃showed the lowest total phenol contents and drying at 80℃showed the lowest contents of flavonoids.After fully consideration both of the drying efficiency and contents of bioactive ingredients,drying with 60℃was selected as the best hot-air drying condition.Specifically,the drying time was 4.5 h drying at 60℃and the contents of flavonoids,polysaccharides and total phenol of dried products were(10.94±0.10),(16.80±2.69)and(28.06±0.14)mg/g,respectively.Furthermore,after comparing the color protection effects from various color protection agents,we found the use of 0.5 g/L sodium erythorbate significantly improved the color quality of the Dendrobium huoshanense flower under drying at 60℃.The Dendrobium huoshanense flower was pretreated with 0.5 g/L sodium erythorbate and hot-air drying at 60℃for 4.5 h had the best quality in color and bioactive ingredients.

关 键 词：霍山石斛花 热风干燥 色泽 多糖 总酚 黄酮 

分 类 号：TS205[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]