两起农村家宴食物中毒调查分析及防治措施探讨  

Investigation on Food Poisoning in Two Rural Family Feasts and Discussion on Prevention and Control Measures

作　　者：林亚娜 LIN Ya’na(Department of Infection Management,Maoming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Maoming Guangdong 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市中医院院感科,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2021年第3期89-92,共4页China Continuing Medical Education

摘　　要：目的分析两起农村家宴食物中毒情况,并提出防止食物中毒的措施。方法在2017年8月份发生的一起农村家宴食物中毒,就餐人数为85人,有22人中毒。在2019年6月份发生的一起农村家宴食物中毒,就餐人数为92人,有19人中毒。对二起农村家宴食物中毒进行调查时,会严格按照GB14938-94食物中毒标准中的诊断要求,从中毒类别、中毒食品分类、致病因素三方面的内容出发进行统计分析。结果食物中毒类别包括化学性中毒、细菌性中毒、有毒动植物中毒,中毒率较高的是化学性中毒。中毒食品种类包括鱼贝及其制品、植物性食物、肉与肉制品、蛋与蛋制品、植物油几种,中毒率较高的是鱼贝及其制品、肉与肉制品、蛋与蛋制品。致病因素由微生物性及化学性两种形式构成,微生物性中毒率从高到低为变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、致病性大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、霉菌毒素。化学性中毒率从高到低为亚硝酸盐、毒鼠强、砷化物、有机磷。结论两起农村家宴中毒事件,对人们的身体健康造成了极大的威胁,增加了食品安全隐患,应高度予以重视。Objective To analyze two cases of food poisoning at family banquets in rural areas and put forwardmeasures to prevent food poisoning. Methods In August2017, a rural family dinner food poisoning occurred, with85 people dining, 22 people poisoning. Food poisoning ata rural family dinner in June 2019 left 92 people with 19people poisoned. When investigating two cases of foodpoisoning of rural family banquet, it will strictly follow thediagnostic requirements of GB14938-94 food poisoningstandard, and carry out statistical analysis from the threeaspects of poisoning category, poisoning food classificationand pathogenic factors. Results Food Toxic categoriesinclude chemical poisoning, bacterial poisoning, toxicanimal and plant poisoning, the higher poisoning rate ischemical poisoning. The types of poisoned food includefish shellfish and their products, plant food, meat andmeat products, egg and egg products, vegetable oils. Thepathogenic factors are composed of two forms: microbialand chemical. The rate of microbial poisoning is Proteus,Salmonella, pathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus,Bacillus cereus, mycotoxin. The chemical poisoning ratesranged from high to low for nitrite, rat strong, arsenideand organophosphorus. Conclusions Two incidents offamily dinner poisoning have posed a great threat topeople's health and increased the hidden danger of foodsafety.

关 键 词：农村家宴 食物中毒 变形杆菌 亚硝酸盐 中毒食品 致病因素 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]