能力还是心理?--对留守经历长期影响的一项实证检验  

Competence or Psychology:An Empirical Study of Long-term Effects of Left-behind Experience

作　　者：刘志军[1,2] Liu Zhijun(Department of Sociology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学社会学系,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学社会调查研究中心,杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2021年第3期74-86,158,159,共15页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“留守经历的长期影响、作用机制与对策研究”(编号71774138);浙江省之江青年项目“留守经历的时间效应研究”(编号18ZJQN01YB)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：针对留守儿童的诸多研究表明,其学业成就及心理特征等会受到消极影响,但长期来看,这种影响会否传导为职场能力及职场心理方面的负效应仍缺乏探讨。基于2385名80后外来工的问卷调查数据,对童年期留守经历与成年后的务工工资、理想月薪及保留工资之间的关联进行实证检验,以间接探究留守经历对于个人职场能力及职场心理的长期影响。结果显示,务工工资、理想月薪无显著差异,但有留守经历者的保留工资显著偏低。这表明,留守经历对于个人长期的职场能力发展及职场能力的自我评估无显著影响,但可能导致更为内敛、退让的职场心理。采用GHQ-12量表数据及参证变量所做的分析验证了这一结论。这启示我们在留守儿童关爱保护工作中需对社会心理发展有更多积极引导。Many studies related to left-behind children showed that their academic achievement and mental health would be negatively affected,but in the long run,whether this effect would be transmitted to the negative effect of professional competence and professional psychology is still not explored.Based on a survey of 2,385 migrant workers born after 1980,this paper analyzed the correlation between left-behind experience during childhood and real salary,ideal salary and reserved salary in adulthood,so as to indirectly explore the long-term impact of left-behind experience on personal career achievement and psychological characteristics.The results showed that there was no significant difference on real salary and ideal salary,but the reserved salary of those with left-behind experience was significantly lower than the control group.This indicates that the left-behind experience has no significant influence on the long-term career develop ment and career value self-assessment,but may lead to withdrawal personality.This conclusion was verified by the analysis of GHQ-12 scale data and the reference variables.This suggests that we need more active intervention in the psychosocial development in the care and protection of left-behind children.Relevant conclusions also suggest that we need to consider the influence factors of psychological dimension related to growth experience in the reserved salary decision model.

关 键 词：留守经历 职场能力 职场心理 保留工资 外来工 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]