丁香酚麻醉辅助加州鲈无水活运的效果  

Effect of Eugenol Anesthesia on Waterless Live Transportation of Micropterus salmoides

作　　者：王彩霞 白婵[1] 熊光权[1] 王炬光 李宁[1] 鉏晓艳[1] 李海蓝[1] 廖涛[1] WANG Caixia;BAI Chan;XIONG Guangquan;WANG Juguang;LI Ning;ZU Xiaoyan;LI Hailan;LIAO Tao(Institute of Agro-products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所,湖北武汉430064 [2]武汉工程大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《食品科学》2021年第5期228-236,共9页Food Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46);湖北省科技特派员项目;湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2019-620-000-001-25)。

摘　　要：研究丁香酚麻醉辅助加州鲈无水活运技术,探究保活过程中较佳的丁香酚质量浓度、麻醉及保活温度,并分析在较佳保活条件下保活不同时间后加州鲈血液生化指标和肌肉品质的变化。结果表明:经过无水保活的鱼样血清中皮质醇、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、肌酐、尿素氮水平均显著升高(P<0.05),同时随着保活时间的延长水平会一直升高,鳃Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATP活力、血清白蛋白和溶菌酶水平随保活时间延长显著降低(P<0.05),这些血液指标经过复苏暂养一段时间后基本可以恢复到正常水平,即无水保活对加州鲈器官的损伤基本可自行修复;通过测定不同保活时间的肌肉品质,发现随保活时间的延长结合水会转化成不易流动水,造成肉质疏松、品质变差,但经过一段时间的暂养可恢复到正常水平;通过药浴的方式丁香酚会富集到加州鲈体内,肌肉中的丁香酚经过2 d暂养后会代谢到日本规定的最大残留限量标准(0.05 mg/kg)以下。结论:丁香酚麻醉无水保活有助于短时间运输,无水运输后鱼的肌肉品质有所降低,但经过短时暂养即可恢复正常水平,建议无水运输后的鲈鱼经2 d暂养后上市。The eugenol anesthesia-assisted waterless live transportation of Micropterus salmoides was simulated and optimized with respect to eugenol concentration,anesthesia temperature and temperature during transportation,and the changes in blood biochemical indexes and muscle quality of fish with transportation time were studied under the optimized conditions.The results showed that the concentration of cortisol,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,creatinine and urea nitrogen in the serum of fish subjected to waterless live transportation increased significantly compared with the control group living in the culture pond(P<0.05),and increased with transportation time.On the other hand,the activity of gill Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase and the content of albumin and lysozyme activity in serum decreased significantly with transportation time(P<0.05).All these blood indexes could basically recover to the normal levels after temporary culture resuscitation for a certain period of time,indicating that organ damage in Micropterus salmoides occurring during waterless transportation could be self-repaired.The results of muscle quality evaluation showed that transformation of bound to immobile water occurred with increasing transportation time,leading to loose texture and quality deterioration,which could return to normal after temporary culture resuscitation for a certain period of time.Eugenol could be enriched in Micropterus salmoides bathed in it,and eugenol in the muscle could be metabolized to below the maximum residue limit(0.05 mg/kg)set by Japan after temporary culture for 2 days.Therefore,eugenol anesthesia is useful for short-term waterless live transportation.After waterless transportation,the muscle quality of fish declines,but it can recover to normal after temporary culture for a short time.It is recommended that after waterless transportation fish need to be temporarily cultured for two days before being marketed.

关 键 词：加州鲈 无水保活运输 丁香酚 血液指标 肌肉品质 残留代谢 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]